项应萍 郑明龙 郝志龙 林宏政 林琛婕 金心怡

摘要：以低能耗、低排放为标志的低碳经济是茶产业的发展趋势，为了研究乌龙茶烘焙能耗与品质之间的关系，以成品铁观音为烘干材料，选用6CH-54型茶叶烘焙箱、6CH-54型烘焙提香机、6CHX-19型烘焙提香机、多能量茶叶醇化机4种烘干机型，测定了不同机型的升温性能、恒温性能，并结合烘焙茶叶品质指标，研究烘干机烘焙工艺能耗与茶叶品质的关系。结果表明，6CH-54型茶叶烘焙箱的升温速度最快，为4.5 min;升温耗能最少，为0.5 kW·h/m2。6CH-54型茶叶烘焙箱和6CH-54型烘焙提香机恒温耗能最少，为0.29 kW·h/m2。烘焙乌龙茶品质以烘焙温度100 ℃，烘焙时间3 h最好。从能耗和品质综合考虑，以烘焙温度100 ℃，烘焙时间1 h最佳。

关键词：茶叶;烘焙;能耗;品质

Study on Energy Consumption and

Quality of Baking Oolong Tea

XIANG Yingping1， ZHENG Minglong1， HAO Zhilong1*， LIN Hongzheng1， LIN Chenjie1， JIN Xinyi1，2

1. College of Horticultural Science， Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University， Fuzhou 350002， China;

2. Tea Research Institute， Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University， Fuzhou 350002， China

Abstract： The low-carbon economy marked by low energy consumption and low emissions is the development trend ofthe tea industry. In order to study the relationship between baking energy consumption and quality of Oolong tea， four drying machines including 6CH-54 tea roasting box， 6CH-54 roasting and flavoring machine， 6CHX-19 bakingflavoring machine and multi-energy tea aging machine were used and ‘Tieguanyin’ raw tea was used as material. The heating performance and constant temperature performance of different machines were measured， combined with the quality indicators of the baked tea， and the relationship between the energy consumption of the baking process  andthe quality of tea was studied. The results show that the 6CH-54 tea baking box had the fastest heating speed of 4.5minutes and its heating energy consumption was the lowest （0.5 kW·h/m2）.The 6CH-54 tea roasting box and the6CH-54 roasting and flavoring machine had a constant temperature energy consumption of at least 0.29 kW·h /m2.Baking oolong tea quality was the best when the baking temperature was 100 ℃ and the baking time was 3 h. From thecomprehensive consideration of energy consumption and quality， the best baking temperature is 100 ℃ and the baking time is 1 h.

Keywords： tea， baking， energy consumption， quality

目前溫室效应日益加剧，“低碳经济”越来越受到广泛关注。以高能效、低能耗、低排放为标志的“低碳经济”可以推动传统能源模式向新能源模式转变，可持续发展已成为世界各国经济发展的共同目标[1-4]。引领低碳经济发展将掌控未来经济发展方向，同样节能减排也是中国茶业可持续发展的重要环节[5]。我国作为最大碳排放国，在减少碳排放和实现低碳经济方面承受巨大压力[6-7]。若能提高用电效率，对于发展中国家可减少40%能源投资，工业化国家可减少50%能源投资[8-9]。提高电力资源的利用率，是实现企业、社会和环境效益的三赢之举[10]。

烘干是稳定和提高茶叶品质的重要工艺，但存在能耗较大的问题。为了研究茶叶烘干能耗与品……