白芽奇兰商品茶烘焙技术
2021-09-10林坤彬
林坤彬
摘要:白芽奇兰系适制乌龙茶的优良品种,以其鲜叶加工的白芽奇兰茶具有独特的香韵而深受消费者的喜爱。烘焙是白芽奇兰茶精制加工中最主要的工序,其工艺的好坏直接影响到白芽奇兰商品茶的品质、产品价格和市场竞争力。文章介绍白芽奇兰茶的烘焙方式、技术要点、注意事项,以期为白芽奇兰茶生产提供参考。
关键词:白芽奇兰;烘焙;技术要点
Roasting Technology of Baiya Qilan
Commercial Tea
LIN Kunbin
Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Pinghe County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, Zhangzhou 363700, China
Absrtact: 'Baiya Qilan' is a superior cultivar suitable for making Oolong tea. The tea processed with 'Baiya Qilan' is
deeply loved by consumers for its unique aroma. Roasting is the most important process in its reprocessing. The
quality, price and market competitiveness of Baiya Qilan commercial tea are directly affected by the roasting process.
This paper introduces introduced the roasting methods, technical points and precautions, in order to provide a reference
for the production of Baiya Qilan tea.
Keywords: Baiya Qilan, roasting, technical points
白芽奇兰系适制乌龙茶的优良品种,由福建省平和县农业局、崎岭乡科技人员以及彭溪村村民在平和县崎岭乡彭溪村发现,于1981—1995年间开展选育、区试、推广,1996年4月通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定。因其鮮叶制成的毛茶带兰花香,鲜叶嫩芽白毫明显,故命名“白芽奇兰”。
白芽奇兰茶以其独特的“兰花”香、浓醇鲜爽的滋味深受消费者的喜爱。经多年推广与品牌打造,在消费市场具备了较强的竞争力,发展优势明显。目前,白芽奇兰茶已成为平和县主要产业之一。
一、白芽奇兰茶烘焙要求
白芽奇兰茶鲜叶采摘后经初制加工成毛茶,在进入市场前还需经过再次加工成商品茶,白芽奇兰茶精制加工主要有拼配、拣梗、风选去色去杂、割末、烘焙、摊凉、包装等工序。烘焙是白芽奇兰茶品质形成的关键技术,目的是降低毛茶水分,弃除杂味、异味,保持毛茶香气并经吸火而产生“火香”,使滋味更浓醇鲜爽,延长储存时间。
烘焙分为烘笼炭火人工烘焙和电热烘焙箱加温烘焙2种方式。烘笼炭火人工烘焙是传统的烘焙方式,劳动强度大、耗时耗力、加工成本高,掌握技术难度大,但烘焙品质优、烘焙的茶叶受消费者欢迎,市场潜力大。……
