三仁汤加减治疗小儿湿热便秘临证经验
2021-09-05杨贤慧闫永彬
杨贤慧 闫永彬
【摘 要】 结合小儿生理、病理特点,详述小儿湿热便秘的病因病机,论述其临床辨证要点及治疗法则,并列举以“运脾理气,化湿清热”为治则,方用“三仁汤加减”治疗小儿湿热便秘的临床有效案例。文章弥补了小儿湿热便秘临床论著的不足,对促进小儿便秘中医诊疗体系的完善和创新有重要理论和实践意义。
【关键词】 小儿便秘;三仁汤;湿热
【中图分类号】R249.2/.7 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2021)14-0092-03
Abstract:Combined with the physiological and pathological characteristics of children, the etiology and pathogenesis of damp-heat constipation in children are described in detail, and the clinical dialectical points and treatment principles are discussed. The clinical effective cases of "Sanren Decoction" in treating infantile damp-heat constipation are listed in the paper. This paper makes up for the deficiency of clinical treatises on infantile damp-heat constipation, and is expected to promote the improvement and innovation of TCM diagnosis and treatment system of infantile constipation.
Keywords:Infantile Constipation; Sanren Decoction; Damp Heat
便秘是指大便秘结不通,排便次数减少或间隔时间延长,或便意频而大便艰涩排出困难的病证[1],是儿科临床常见的消化系统疾病,属于西医学中“功能性便秘”范畴。近年来,小儿便秘的发病率逐渐升高,有研究[2]显示中国儿童功能性便秘的患病率为3.1%~25.92%。笔者跟师临证时发现,小儿湿热便秘十分常见,但临床论著中较少提及。吾师闫永彬教授治疗小儿湿热便秘经验丰富,现将其学术思想报道如下。
1 病因病机
《重订严氏济生方·秘结论治》云:“夫五秘者,风秘、气秘、湿秘、寒秘、热秘是也。”“湿秘”即湿热便秘,因湿热蕴结脾胃,脾胃升降功能失常,从而导致大肠传导失职,不能顺利降浊而便秘。薛生白《湿热病篇》云:“阳明为水谷之海,太阴为湿土之脏,故多阳明太阴受病”,由此可见湿热之邪为病多侵犯脾胃,导致脾胃运化功能失常;“太阴内伤,客邪再至,内外相引,故病湿热”,脾胃功能是否正常又是湿热病邪致病与否的关键。如章虚谷曰:“三焦升降之气,由脾鼓运;中焦和则上下气顺,脾气弱则湿自内生;湿盛而脾不健运,浊壅不行”,二者互为因果、循环往复,使湿热便秘病情缠绵难愈。……
