一测多评法在中药质量控制中的应用
2021-09-05张敏王芳刘惠娟石岩张文斌
张敏 王芳 刘惠娟 石岩 张文斌



【摘 要】 中药质量控制是全面提升其应用和发展的保障。因中药成分复杂而必须采用多指标成分测定,才反映其内在质量的实际情况。一测多评法实现了采用一个对照品同时测定中药及其制剂中多个成分含量的目的,解决了中药对照品昂贵、稀缺等问题,为中药现代化的步伐逐步加快提供有利的支持。文章详细论述一测多评法的基本原理,列举近3年来其在中药和制剂中的应用,研究一测多评法的适用情况以及存在的主要问题,为中药质量控制提供参考。
【关键词】 一测多评;多组分质量控制;中药
【中图分类号】R917 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2021)14-0051-05
Abstract:The quality control of Traditional Chinese medicine is the guarantee to comprehensively improve its application and development.Because of the complex composition of Traditional Chinese medicine, it is necessary to adopt quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker to reflect the actual situation of its intrinsic quality.The method of one test and multiple evaluation realizes the purpose of using one control substance to simultaneously determine the content of multi- components in traditional Chinese medicine and its preparation, solves the problems of expensive and scarce traditional Chinese medicine control substance, and provides favorable support for the gradual acceleration of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.In this paper, the basic principle of the method is discussed in detail, its application in traditional Chinese medicine and preparation in recent 3 years is listed, the application of the method and the main problems are studied, and the reference is provided for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine.
Keywords:Quantitative Analysis of Multi-components by Single-marker(QAMS) ; Multi-components Quality Control;Traditional Chinese Medicine
中药作为我国流传千年的传统药物,其在中医理论指导之下,用于预防、治疗、诊断疾病或调节人体机能,是在我国劳动人民长期与疾病作斗争的过程中发展起来的。中药质量评价是中药现代化的基础,与单一指标相比,多指标的质量评价模式更符合中药多成分、多功效的特点[1]。但中药对照品由于其本身化学性质、分离难度而导致的高价等因素,始终处于一个无法大批量、稳定、廉价供应的状态。使得多指标成分分析受到一定限制。2006年,王智民等[2]首次提出一测多评法(Quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker QAMS),論证其基本原理,同时通过对木通药材的检测,实践证实了一测多评法在中药检测领域有优良表现。随后,以《中国药典》2010 年版为代表的质量标准已经确立了“从单指标向多指标、从指标性成分向药效成分控制”的发展方向[3]。……
