牛玉国 王煜 李永强 张洪星 彭少明

摘 要：为全面提升黄河流域水安全保障能力，针对黄河流域面临的洪水风险威胁、水资源短缺、生态环境脆弱、水治理能力不足等方面存在的突出问题，按照“重在保护，要在治理”思想，提出黄河源头区，黄河上、中、下游地区，黄河口及三角洲地区五区协同保护的水安全保障空间布局。从推进水资源节约集约利用、提高水资源保障能力，完善防洪减灾体系、确保黄河长治久安，加强水生态环境保护、维护黄河健康生命，系统实施水土流失综合防治、改善黄土高原生态环境，提升流域治理能力、支撑黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展等5个方面提出了对策措施，为黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展水安全保障工作提供重要依据。

关键词：生态保护;高质量发展;水安全保障;总体布局;黄河流域

中图分类号：TV212.4;TV882.1 文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2021.08.001

引用格式：牛玉国，王煜，李永强，等.黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展水安全保障布局和措施研究[J].人民黄河，2021，43（8）：1-6.

Abstract： In order to improve comprehensively water security capability， considering the existing problems of flood risk threat， the stortage of water resources， fragile ecological environment and insufficient capacity for water management that the Yellow River Basin is facing with， the water security layout with coordinated protection of five zones including the source area， the upper， middle and lower areas of the Yellow River， the Yellow River estuary and delta areas was proposed based on the idea of “Focus on Protection and Key on Management”. Then， the water security measures were put forward from the five aspects of promoting the economical and intensive use of water resources to improve the support ability of water resources， perfecting the flood control and disaster reduction system to ensure the peace and stability of the Yellow River， strengthening the protection of water ecological environment to safeguard the healthy life of the Yellow River， systematically implementing the integrated prevention and control of soil erosion to improve the ecological environment in the Loess Plateau and promoting the river basin management ability to support the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Also， this paper could provide an important basis for the water security work of the ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.

Key words： ecological protection; high-quality development; water security; overall layout; Yellow River Basin

黃河流域横跨我国东中西部，是连接青藏高原、黄土高原、华北平原的生态廊道。黄河流域保护治理不仅事关防洪安全、供水安全，而且对于保障国家粮食安全、能源安全、生态安全具有举足轻重的战略意义。2019年9月18日，习近平总书记在黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展座谈会上强调，黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展是重大国家战略[1]，保护黄河是事关中华民族伟大复兴和永续发展的千秋大计，发出了“让黄河成为造福人民的幸福河”的伟大号召。……