摘 要：学科交叉是当今科技和教育等领域发展的大趋势，很有必要创设交叉学科自身的分类体系。首先提出“学块矩阵”创设交叉学科知识分类体系的创新思想;根据交叉学科知识的3级成熟度，从6个视域分类获得了一个由54个学块组成的交叉学科知识分类体系;接着，基于大类知识的6种分类方式获得了一个由54个学块组成的大类交叉知识分类体系;最后，以安全学科这一典型大交叉综合学科为例，把上述2种分类方式运用于安全学科知识的分类，获得了8个视域之下由72个学块构成的安全知识分类体系。上述知识分类体系均被表达成形似九宫格矩阵。研究结果不仅对交叉学科自身的发展具有支撑作用，而且为实现真正意义的跨学科研究和未来不分专业的人才培养模式等开辟新的思路。

关键词：交叉学科;学块矩阵;知識分类体系;安全知识分类体系

中图分类号：G 302

文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672-7312（2021）04-0470-07

Construction of Interdisciplinary Knowledge Classification

System by Using Science Chunk Matrix

WU Chao1，2

（1.School of Resources and Safety Engineering，Central South University，Changsha 410083，China;

2.Safety & Security Theory Innovation and Promotion Center （STIPC），Central South University，Changsha 410083，China）

Abstract：Interdisciplinary is the trend of the development of science & technology and education，etc.Therefore，the creation of interdisciplinary knowledge classification system （IKCS） is of great significance.First，a new idea of constructing IKCS based on the “science chunk matrix” is created.According to the three-level maturity of knowledge and six fields of vision，a new IKCS which consists of 54 science chunks are obtained.Then，based on the six fields of vision of large-group knowledge，another new IKCS which consists of 54 science chunks are obtained similarly.Finally，the typical interdisciplinary of safety discipline is adopted as an example，and the above two knowledge classification methods are applied to the classification of safety knowledge.The IKCS of safety discipline which consists of 72 science chunks from 8 perspectives are obtained.In addition，the construction of the IKCS is expressed in the shape like the nine-square matrix image which has an intuitive effect.This research not only has great significance to the development of interdisciplinary itself，but also opens up a new way to realize the true interdisciplinary research and the future talent cultivation of no specialty.

Key words：interdisciplinary;science chunks matrix;interdisciplinary knowledge classification system （IKCS）;IKCS of safety discipline

0 引言

要重视和发展交叉学科的倡议，在学术界、管理界和政界等已经宣传多年。但在许多情况下，交叉学科发展仍然处于举步维艰的局面，因为现有的科技界及其关联的部门都是按照传统学科分类方式设置来布局的，即使是某一部门或是某一单位想尝试改革和鼓励交叉学科，也常常障碍重重，无济于事。特别是在中国，交叉学科的设置涉及到整个体制的改革问题，是一个系统工程，实施起来更加困难。

现有交叉学科体系建设，不管是国内还是国际上的，其基本情况和建设思路大都是一样的。……