李慧萌 汪波

摘 要：采用个案分析、田野调查、口述史等研究方法，对我国乡镇政府体育管理方式变迁的特征和改革路径进行探索。研究认为改革开放以来G镇政府体育管理方式呈现出体育组织管理机构设置从“分散性依附”到“专门性依附”、体育场地设施建设从“依托性建设”到“专门性建设”、体育活动经费投入从“政府单一供给”到“社会多元赞助”、体育活动组织管理形式从“被动管理”到“主动管理”的变迁特征，未来我国乡镇体育应坚持“政府主导”加强乡镇体育社会组织建设、“ 政策引领”深化乡镇体育改革实践、“ 需求导向”表达群众体育利益诉求、“ 效率优先”配置乡镇体育文化资源、“ 公共服务”助推乡镇体育管理实效、“ 协同治理”发挥乡镇体育多元主体作用，以此促进我国农村体育治理现代化的改革进程。

关 键 词：体育管理;乡镇体育;现代化治理

中图分类号：G80-05 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116（2021）03-0071-07

Abstract： By means of case study， field investigation and oral history record， this paper explores the characteristics and reform path of sports management mode of township government in China. The study holds that the sports management mode of G town government has shown some changing characteristics including the management institution setting of sports organization has changed from “decentralized dependence” to “specialized dependence”， the sports facilities construction from "relying construction" to "specialized construction"、sports activities funds investment from "single government supply" to "multiple social sponsorship"， and organization management form of sports activities from "passive management" to "active management" since the reform and opening up. In the future， township sports in China should adhere to the "government dominance" to strengthen the social organization construction of rural sports， "policy guidance" to deepen the reform practice of township sports， "demand orientation" to express the interest appeal of mass sports， "efficiency first” to allocate cultural resources of township sports， "public service" to promote the management effectiveness of township sports， and "collaborative governance" to play the diversity role of township sports， so as to promote the reform process of modernized governance for township sports in China.

Key words： sports management;township sports;modernized management

黨的十九大报告提出“广泛开展全民健身运动，加快推进体育强国建设”，并提出“实施乡村振兴战略”[1]，为农村体育发展提供新的契机。2019年国务院办公厅颁发《体育强国建设纲要》，进一步提出“抓好全民健身‘六个身边工程，推动全民健身公共服务资源向农村倾斜，促进体育治理体系和治理能力现代化”[2]，为农村政府体育管理方式转型提出了新要求，赋予新使命。然而，与城市体育相比，农村居民体育参与严重不足，体质健康状况堪忧。进入新时代，随着乡村社会阶层分化……