吴飘 宁珊 张凤媛 黄荣韶 李良波 姜学松

摘  要：以有柄石韦（Pyrrosia petiolosa）为材料，制备有柄石韦叶柄、营养叶、孢子葉、孢子囊和去孢子叶5个部位的70%乙醇提取物和水提取物，测定其绿原酸（Chl）、芒果苷（Man）、咖啡酸（Caf）、芦丁（Rut）、总黄酮（TF）和总酚（TP）的含量以及抗氧化活性。结果表明：有柄石韦不同部位有效成分含量和抗氧化活性均有显著性差异（P < 0.05）;去孢子叶的总黄酮和总酚含量最高，分别为（129.46 ± 4.03）mg/g和（47.85 ± 2.98）mg/g，与营养叶的含量相似;有柄石韦各部位醇提物的抗氧化活性均高于水提物;各部位抗氧化活性强弱顺序为：营养叶>去孢子叶>孢子叶>叶柄>孢子囊;去孢子叶和营养叶的绿原酸和芦丁含量较高;营养叶的芒果苷和咖啡酸含量最高，显著高于其他4个部位（P < 0.05）;有柄石韦不同部位的ABTS+自由基清除能力、DPPH自由基清除能力及总抗氧化能力均与其有效成分含量呈正相关（r = 0.69～0.98）。综合分析得知，有柄石韦营养叶的有效成分较多，具有较强的抗氧化活性，本研究结果可为石韦药材的开发利用提供科学依据。

关键词：有柄石韦;总黄酮;总酚;抗氧化活性

中图分类号：R284.1      文献标识码：A

Comparative Analysis of the Active Component and Antioxidant Activity of Different Parts of Pyrrosia petiolosa

WU Piao1， NING Shan1， ZHANG Fengyuan1， HUANG Rongshao1，2*， LI Liangbo1，2*， JIANG Xuesong3

1. College of Agriculture， Guangxi University， Nanning， Guangxi 530004， China; 2. School of Pharmacy， Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine， Nanning， Guangxi 530200， China; 3. Jiangxi Hongxing Pharmaceutical Co.， Ltd， Fuzhou， Jiangxi 331800， China

Abstract： The 70% ethanol extraction and water extraction solution were prepared from petioles， trophophylls， sporophylls， sporangia and sporophylls without sporangia of Pyrrosia petiolosa. The active ingredients and antioxidant activity in the extraction ， including chlorogenic acid （Chl）， mangiferin （Man）， caffeic acid （Caf）， rutin （Rut）， total flavonoids （TF）， total phenols （TP） were assayed. There were significant differences among the five parts for active ingredients and antioxidant activity （P<0.05）. TF and TP in sporophylls without sporangia were the highest， （129.46±4.03）mg/g and （47.85±2.98）mg/g respectively， which was similar to trophophylls. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extraction was higher than that of water extraction in each part. The antioxidant activity of each part was trophophylls > sporophylls without sporangia > sporophylls > petiole > sporangia. Chl and Rut in sporophylls without sporangia and trophophylls were higher. Man and Caf acid in trophophylls were the highest， which was significantly higher than that of the other four parts （P<0.05）. Besides， the ABTS+ free radical scavenging capacity， DPPH free radical scavenging abilities and total antioxidant capacity of different parts of P. petiolosa were positively correlated with active components （r=0.69～0.98）. According to the comprehensive analysis， trophophylls had more effective components and stronger antioxidant activity. The study could provide scientific basis for the development and utilization of Pyrrosia.

Keywords： Pyrrosia petiolosa; total flavonoids; total phenols; antioxidant activity

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.07.033

自由基对人体健康影响极大，可损害机体的组织和细胞，引起衰老，诱发癌症、动脉粥样硬化等多种疾病[1]。凡能够干扰自由基连锁反应的引发或扩散过程、抑制自由基反应过程的任何一种物质，均称为自由基清除剂或抗氧化剂[2]。抗氧化剂可以修复自由基导致的重要生物大分子损伤，适当补充外源性抗氧化剂可以平衡体内自由基，预防疾病[3]。因此，人们开始在自然资源中寻找有效的抗氧化剂。蕨类植物有丰富的生物活性成分，如黄酮类、多酚、萜类和生物碱等，黄酮类和多酚广泛存在于植物的各个部位，具有较强的抗氧化性[4]。

石韦首载于《神农本草经》，为庐山石韦、石韦或有柄石韦的干燥叶，主要化学成分为多糖、黄酮类、三萜类、挥发油类和多酚类等，其药理作用包括利尿通淋、清肺止咳、凉血止血等，临床主要用于治疗肾炎、肺热喘咳和止血等[5-6]。有柄石韦[P……