冬季“文昌椰子”果品质特性
2021-08-26孙程旭向梅张玉锋陈萍王富有
孙程旭 向梅 张玉锋 陈萍 王富有



摘 要:本研究以文昌市不同地域8月龄的椰子果为材料,对可溶性固形物、水分、灰分、粗纤维、脂肪、蛋白质、多糖含量等相关品质指标进行观测和测定。结果表明:不同地域椰子果的品质特性存在差异。尤其“文昌椰子”(HWY、CXY、DJW、DJJ)在粗纤维、水分、脂肪和多糖含量等方面优于其他地域;无论椰子水及椰子肉中的脂肪含量、粗纤维含量、蛋白质含量都是“文昌椰子”品质的关键指标。该研究对“文昌椰子”区域公共品牌在不同季节的建设、椰子果区分及标准化分类等方面,提供了重要理论依据。
关键词:椰子;文昌椰子;品质特性
中图分类号:S565.9 文献标识码:A
Quality Characteristics of Wenchang Coconut in Winter
SUN Chengxu1,2, XIANG Mei1,2,3, ZHANG Yufeng1,2, CHEN Ping3, WANG Fuyou1,2*
1. Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan 571339, China; 2. Hainan Key Laboratory of tropical Oil Crop Biology, Wenchang, Hainan 571339, China; 3. Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
Abstract: Eight-month-old coconut fruit from different regions of Wenchang were used as the material in the experiment, the contents of soluble solids, moisture, ash, crude fiber, fat, protein, polysaccharide and other related quality indexes were measured. The quality characteristics of coconuts in different regions were different. The quality characteristics of Wenchang Coconut (HWY, CXY, DJW, DJJ) was superior to that of other regions. Fat content, crude fiber content and protein content in coconut water and coconut pulp were the key indicators of the quality of Wenchang Coconut. The study would provide important theoretical basis for the construction of Wenchang Coconut regional public brand in different seasons, coconut fruit differentiation and standardized classification.
Keywords: coconut; Wenchang coconut; quality characteristics
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.07.029
椰子(Cocos nucifera L.)為棕榈科椰子属,是热带亚热带地区的一种重要木本油料作物[1]。椰子分布于热带和亚热带90多个国家和地区,在热区人民的生活和经济社会发展中发挥了重大作用[2]。截至2017年底,,世界椰子收获面积达1230.4万hm2,年产椰子6077.4万t[3]。亚洲是世界椰子主产区,其椰子产量占世界椰子总产量的84%。除了在广东、台湾和云南有少量的椰子种植之外,我国的椰子种植主要集中在海南省[4]。
在我国,,有关椰子的栽培历史有2300多年[3]。海南具有完整的椰子产业链,其种植面积和产量均占全国的98%以上[3]。椰子全身都是宝,椰子水和椰肉中含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、维生素和矿物质等[5],具有极高的营养价值和药用价值[6]。椰子水目前已在医药、食品、保鲜剂等方面具有广泛应用[7-9]。此外,椰子还具有较高的经济价值,椰子的其他部分还能加工成各种副产品,在我国热区农业的发展中发挥着极其重要的作用[10]。……
