陈河龙 杨峰 高建明 张世清 郑金龙 谭施北 黄兴 习金根 易克贤

摘  要：剑麻是我国乃至世界热带地区最重要的麻类经济作物，用途广泛，综合利用价值高。而斑马纹病是剑麻生产上最为严重的病害之一，严重制约着剑麻产业的持续稳定发展。本研究通过农杆菌介导将抗病的Hevein基因导入，获得37株剑麻抗性植株，阳性率约为24.7%。经PCR检测，证明外源基因Hevein已成功整合到该剑麻植株的基因组中。并通过体外抑菌和抗病性检测，说明转基因剑麻植株中表达出一定的活性，而且还提高了对剑麻斑马纹病的抗性。研究结果为培育抗病高产转基因剑麻新品种奠定了坚实基础。

关键词：剑麻;斑马纹病;转基因;Hevein;抗病

中图分类号：S563.8      文献标识码：A

Introduction of Disease Resistance Genes Hevein in Sisal

CHEN Helong1，2， YANG Feng3*， GAO Jianming2， ZHANG Shiqing2， ZHENG Jinlong1， TAN Shibei1， HUANG Xing1 ， XI jingen2 ， YI Kexian1**

1. Environment and Plant Protection Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， Haikou， Hainan 571101， China; 2. Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， Haikou， Hainan 571101， China; 3. Rice and Sorghum Institute， Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Deyang， Sichuan 618000， China

Abstract： Sisal is the most important fibre crop in the south subtropical and tropical regions in China and the world. It possesses broad usages and high integrated values. Unfortunately， zebra disease， caused by Phytophthora nicotianae， is one of the most common and serious diseases of sisal， which seriously restricts the sustainable and stable development of the industry. In this study， by introducing the disease-resistant Hevein gene by Agrobatorium -mediated transformation， 37 resistant sisal plants were obtained with a positive rate of 24.7%. PCR showed that Hevein was successfully integrated into the genome of sisal plant. In addition， through in vitro bacteriostasis and disease resistance tests， it was shown that the transgenic sisal plants showed some activity， and the resistance to zebra striatosis was also improved. The results would lay a solid foundation for the breeding of new transgenic sisal varieties with high yield and resistance to disease.

Keywords： sisal; zebra disease; transgene; Hevein; disease-resistant

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.07.026

劍麻是热带地区最重要的纤维作物，用途广泛，纤维具有坚韧耐磨、质地刚柔、富有弹性、低温下不会硬化脆断、不霉变、耐腐蚀、无毒、无过敏、无污染、防静电等特点，可广泛应用于纺织、航运、电梯、工矿、物流运输、新型材料等多种领域，而剑麻渣、麻渣水等副产物则作为生物质资源和生物制药原料，应用前景广阔[1]。此外，在全球性剑麻种植规模缩减的背景下，剑麻原料及其制品的需求呈增长趋势，因而市场前景可期。然而，我国剑麻主栽品种单一，60多年来仅有品种‘H.11648，品种单一的种植风险逐渐凸显出来，早衰退化并面临新一轮剑麻病虫害的威胁，每年因病虫害死亡的剑麻面积达千亩，经济损失严重，因此培育抗病品种成为生产上的当务之急，而斑马纹病是目前剑麻生产上最严重的病害之一，该病由烟草疫霉菌引起，可造成植麻区的麻田早期发生大量缺株，产量出现大幅降低甚至绝收，严重制约着剑麻产业的持续稳定发展。……