余小兰 张静 李光义 邹雨坤 刘景坤 李勤奋 李晓亮

摘  要：為研究辣椒在不同施硒水平下硒的累积规律，以‘辣丰新辣王为试验材料，在海南省澄迈县砖红壤地块中设置6个硒肥用量处理，分别为0、5、10、15、20、25 kg/hm2，测定辣椒产量、各器官硒含量分布特征。结果表明：（1）土壤施用硒肥显著提高了辣椒产量及各器官硒含量和硒累积量;（2）随着硒肥施用量的增加，辣椒各器官的硒含量、硒累积量均呈先升高后降低的趋势，收获期辣椒各器官硒含量和硒累积量在20 kg/hm2处理下最高，辣椒产量在15、20、25 kg/hm2处理下较高;（3）与不施硒肥相比，施用硒肥可以显著影响硒在辣椒不同器官中的分配规律，而且少量供硒（5、10 kg/hm2）条件下，还可以促进收获期果实中硒的富集;（4）收获期，辣椒果实硒肥利用率在20 kg/hm2处理下最高。表明土壤适量施用硒肥可显著提高辣椒产量、硒含量、硒累积量及硒肥利用率，在本研究中以施用20 kg/hm2的效果最好。

关键词：辣椒;硒;吸收;分布规律;累积规律

中图分类号：S641.3      文献标识码：A

Patterns of Selenium Accumulation of Pepper under Different Application Level of Selenium Fertilizer

YU Xiaolan1，2， ZHANG Jing1， LI Guangyi1，2， ZOU Yukun1，2， LIU Jingkun1，2， LI Qinfen1，2， LI Xiaoliang2，3*

1. Environment and Plant Protection Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， Haikou， Hainan 571101， China; 2. Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Ecocircular Agriculture， Haikou， Hainan 571101， China; 3. Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， Haikou， Hainan 571101， China

Abstract： The study aimed at the absorption and accumulation of Se in pepper and to provide references for selenium-enriched pepper cultivation. A pepper cultivar named ‘Hot Feng Xin La Wang and six application levels of Se fertilizer （0， 5， 10， 15， 20 and 25 kg/hm2 Se） in the latosol field in Chengmai， Hainan were used. The yield and selenium content distribution of pepper were assayed. Se application in soil significantly increased the yield， Se concentration and Se accumulation in each organ. With the increase of application amount of Se fertilizer， Se concentration and accumulation in each organ increased first and then decreased. Se concentration and accumulation in the organ reached the highest in the 20 kg/hm2 treatment and the pepper yield reached the higher in the 15， 20 and 25 kg/hm2 treatments at the harvest stage. Compared with the control， Se application significantly changed the distribution pattern of Se in different organs. Less application of Se fertilizer （5， 10 kg/hm2） promoted Se accumulation in pepper fruits. At the harvest stage， Se utilization rate was the highest in the 20 kg/hm2 treatment. The reasonable application of Se fertilizer in soil was beneficial to increasing the yield of pepper， improving the Se concentration， Se accumulation and Se utilization rate of pepper， and 20 kg/hm2 was appropriate in the present study.

Keywords： pepper; selenium; absorption; selenium distribution; cumulative pattern

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.07.023

硒是人体必需的微量元素之一[1]，它参与人体和动物谷胱甘肽过氧化酶和硫氧还蛋白还原酶等含硒酶的代谢过程，人体缺硒则会出现克山病、肝病等异常症状[2-3]。为预防缺硒病变的发生，中国营养学会建议成人每天硒食用量至少为55 μg，而我国人均硒食用量不到26 μg/d，远达不到其推荐量[4]。我国是一个缺硒大国，约72%地区缺硒或少硒[5]。由于人体自身代谢机能无法合成硒，故从食物中获取硒显得尤为重要[6]。而我国土壤及作物普遍硒含量较低[7]，人和动物不能从生产出的作物中获得足够的硒，因此，通过土壤合理补硒提高作物硒含量以缓解硒缺乏的现状变得极为迫切。……