樊吴静 杨鑫 韦玉恒 唐美丽 何虎翼 唐洲萍 李丽淑

摘  要：为探讨有機无机复混肥对旱藕生长发育及土壤理化性状的影响，本研究设置有机无机复混肥0、750、1500、2250、3000 kg/hm2 5个施肥量，进行不同施肥量对土壤理化性状、旱藕农艺性状、产量及品质的影响研究。结果表明：随着有机无机复混肥施用量的增加，土壤孔隙度先增加后减少，土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾及有机质含量逐渐增加;旱藕株高、茎径及分蘖数逐渐增加，但旱藕倒伏率也随之增加;旱藕成熟块茎可溶性糖、还原糖、可溶性蛋白质及淀粉含量逐渐增加;旱藕块茎产量先增加后减少，其中施肥量为2250 kg/hm2的产量最高，比不施肥增产66.01%。综上表明，有机无机复混肥能有效改善土壤理化性状，提高旱藕块茎产量及品质，但施肥量过多会导致土壤板结及旱藕倒伏，块茎产量减少。本研究条件下，有机无机复混肥施肥量为2250 kg/hm2的效果最好。

关键词：旱藕;有机无机复混肥;土壤理化性状;生理特性;产量

中图分类号：S539      文献标识码：A

Effect of Organic-inorganic Compound Fertilizer on the Growth of Edible Canna and the Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil

FAN Wujing1， YANG Xin1， WEI Yuheng2， TANG Meili2， HE Huyi1， TANG Zhouping1， LI Lishu1*

1. Cash Crops Research Institute， Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science， Nanning， Guangxi 530007， China; 2. Agricultural and Rural Bureau， Douan， Guangxi 530700， China

Abstract： In order to study the effect of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on the growth of edible canna and the physical and chemical properties of soil， five fertilization amounts of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer （0， 750， 1500， 2250 and 3000 kg/hm2） were set to study the effects of different fertilization amounts on the physical and chemical properties of soil， and agronomic properties， yield and quality of edible canna. The soil porosity first increased and then decreased， and the content of available nitrogen， available phosphorus， available potassium and organic gradually increased with the increase of fertilization amounts. The plant height， stem diameter and tiller number of edible canna increased with the increase of fertilization amounts， but the lodging rate also increased. With the increase of fertilization amounts， the content of soluble sugar， reducing sugar， soluble protein and starch in tubers increased. Besides， the yield of edible canna tuber increased first and then decreased， and the yield of 2250 kg/hm2 was the highest， 66.01% higher than that of no fertilizer. In summary， organic-inorganic compound fertilizer can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil， improve the yield and quality of edible canna tuber， but excessive fertilization will lead to soil hardening， edible canna lodging and tuber yield reduction. In this study， the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with 2250 kg/hm2 was the best.

Keywords： edible canna; organic-inorganic compound fertilizer; soil physical and chemical properties; physiological characteristics; yield

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.07.022

旱藕（Canna edulis Ker.），又名蕉藕、芭蕉芋、洋芋，其塊茎富含淀粉及丰富的蛋白质、粗纤维等，是集粮食、饲料及能源于一体的多用途作物[1-2]。广西有悠久的旱藕栽培历史，目前，旱藕已成为广西重点发展的特色农产品之一。但由于旱藕栽培技术比较落后，种植管理水平低，严重制约了旱藕产量和品质的提高[3]。因此，改进旱藕栽培技术，提高产量和品质，是目前旱藕生产中急需解决的问题。施肥是影响农作物生长发育和土壤性质的关键农业管理措施之一[4]。……