许木果 刘忠妹 丁华平 陈桂良 杨春霞

摘  要：通過分析研究幼龄橡胶树生长量与叶片养分的相关性，以实现幼龄橡胶树的养分诊断，为幼龄橡胶园的养分管理提供依据。在橡胶树定植后的第2～5年，每年9月采集叶片样品测定养分含量，同时测量橡胶树茎围与树高。在对测定结果进行相关性分析的基础上，利用多元逐步回归分析和聚类分析，研究橡胶树生长量与叶片养分的相互关系。结果表明：茎围与叶片的N、P、Mg、Fe、Cu具有显著的正相关关系，树高与叶片中的N、P、K、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn具有显著的正相关关系;包含N和Ca的方程为橡胶树茎围的最优方程，包含N、P和Ca的方程为橡胶树树高的最优方程。通过聚类分析将橡胶树分成4种养分类型，不同类型的生长量及养分含量有明显差异，其中第4种类型茎围和树高相对较小，N、P含量也处于缺乏范围;K、Ca的含量较丰富，4种类型均处于正常范围以上;Mg的含量较低，4种类型均低于正常范围。幼龄橡胶树养分不均衡状况较显著，叶片中镁的含量整体较低，幼龄橡胶园的养分管理过程中，增加镁肥施用量的同时，还应调整不同养分间比例，以保证橡胶树的正常生长及养分间的平衡。

关键词：幼龄橡胶树;生长量;叶片养分含量;逐步回归分析;聚类分析;养分管理

中图分类号：S59      文献标识码：A

Correlation Between the Growth of Young Rubber Trees and Nutrient Content of Leaves

XU Muguo， LIU Zhongmei， DING Huaping， CHEN Guiliang， YANG Chunxia*

Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops， Jinghong， Yunnan 666100， China

Abstract： The correlation between the growth of young rubber trees and leaf nutrients by analysis was studied to realize the nutrient diagnosis of young rubber trees and to provide basis for the nutrient management of young rubber plantation. In the 2 to 5 year after rubber tree planting， leaf samples were collected in September each year to determine the nutrient content， meanwhile， the stem circumference and tree height of rubber trees were measured. Based on the correlation analysis of the measurement results， using multiple stepwise regression analysis and cluster analysis， the relationship between the growth of Hevea brasiliensis and leaf nutrient was studied. There was a significant positive correlation between stem circumference and N， P， Mg， Fe， Cu in leaves. Tree height was positively correlated with N， P， K， Ca， Fe， Cu and Zn in leaves. The equation including N and Ca was the optimal equation of the stem circumference of rubber tree. The equation including N， P and Cawas the optimal equation of height of rubber tree. The rubber trees were divided into four nutrient types by cluster analysis. The growth and nutrient content of different types were significantly different. The stem girth and height of the fourth type were relatively low. The content of N and P was also in the range of deficiency. The content of K and Ca was abundant. All types were above the normal range. The content of Mg in the sample was low. All types were below the normal range. The nutrient imbalance of young rubber trees was significant. The content of magnesium in leaves was lower during nutrient management in young rubber plantations. Increasing the application amount of magnesium fertilizer and adjust ing the proportion of different nutrients could ensure the normal growth of rubber trees and nutrient balance.

Keywords： young rubber trees; growth; nutrient content of leaves; stepwise regression analysis; cluster analysis; nutrient management

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.07.013

橡胶树是热带地区主要的经济林木之一，具有重要的经济和战略价值[1-2]。橡胶林生态系统作为人工林生态系统，其养分研究对于生产管理和指导施肥具有重要意义[3]。……