肖长春 程祖锌 黄昕颖 谢展文 蔡华镇 林荔辉

摘  要：選用6个三系不育系和8个红米恢复系，按6×8不完全双列杂交设计，配制48个杂交红米组合，分析与产量相关的9个主要农艺性状的配合力及遗传力。结果表明：除不育系单株产量外，其余性状一般配合力和特殊配合力方差均达显著或极显著水平，受基因加性和非加性效应共同影响;亲本一般配合力和组合特殊配合力无明显的相关性;千粒重、株高、糙米率、结实率、有效穗数的狭义遗传力较高，主要受基因加性效应作用，可在低世代选择有效;每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、穗长和单株产量的狭义遗传力较低，须在高世代进行选择。18Rr174在9个主要农艺性状上的一般配合力均达到正效应值，育种应用价值高;广8A×18Rr250、品红1A×18Rr175、荃9311A×18Rr175、品红1A×18Rr174和野香A×18Rr178的产量性状具有较好特殊配合力，具有较好的应用前景。

关键词：红米恢复系;农艺性状;配合力;遗传力

中图分类号：S511      文献标识码：A

Analysis of Combining Ability and Heritability of Main Agronomic Traits of Functional Red Rice Restorer Line

XIAO Changchun1，3， CHENG Zuxin1，2， HUANG Xinying1，2， XIE Zhanwen2， CAI Huazhen2， LIN Lihui1，2*

1. Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Special Crop Breeding and Utilization， Fuzhou， Fujian 350002， China; 2. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics， Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University， Fuzhou， Fujian 350002， China; 3. Sanming Academy of Agricultural Science， Sanming， Fujian 365500， China

Abstract： This study analyzed the combining ability and heritability of yield traits of restorer lines of high-anthocyanin red rice， which would provide theoretical reference for breeding hybrid rice with high yield red rice. Six three-line sterile lines and eight red rice restorer lines were selected and 48 hybrid red rice combinations were prepared according to the 6×8 incomplete diallel cross design. Combining ability and heritability of 9 main agronomic traits related to yield were analyzed. The variance of general combining ability （GCA） and special combining ability （GCA） of all traits was significant or extremely significant except the yield per plant of sterile line， which was influenced by both additive and non-additive effects of genes. There was no obvious correlation between parents general combining ability and combined special combining ability. The narrow sense heritability of 1000-grain weight， plant height， brown rice rate， seed setting rate and effective panicle number was higher. The traits could be selected to be effective in low generations. The narrow sense heritability of total grain number per panicle， grain number per panicle， panicle length and yield per plant is low， so these traits must be selected in high generation. The GCA of 18Rr174 on 9 main agronomic traits reached positive effect value， which was of high application value in breeding. The yield characters of Guang8A×18Rr250， Pinhong1A×18Rr175， Quan9311A×18Rr175， Pinhong1A×18Rr174 and YexiangA×18Rr178 had good special combining ability and had good application prospect.

Keywords： red rice restorer; agronomic traits; combining ability; heritability

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.07.009

红米营养价值高，不仅含有丰富的硒、铁、锌、蛋白质、维生素、氨基酸等营养物质，还富含花色苷、原花青素、类黄酮等活性物质，对人体具有特殊功效[1-4]。因此，充分挖掘、創制红米水稻种质资源，选育优质高产的红米水稻品种具有重要意义。但红米营养品质和产量之间的矛盾一直制约着红米生产的发展[5]，有效利用产量与品质杂种优势是解决这一矛盾的主要方法之一。红米种皮颜色为显性遗传，组配自由，双亲之一为红米，杂种一代稻米种皮即呈现红色，故在育种上组配自由，有利红米杂种优势的利用[6-8]。……