周槿枫　孔娇龙　耿娟

摘 要：随着现代汽车工业节能环保思想与汽车新四化方针的推进，轻量化技术越来越广泛应用于乘用车领域。汽车工程师在不牺牲汽车整体性能、整车操纵性的前提下，通过轻量化手段降低车身重量，不仅仅是给汽车生产商带来成本上的收益，对于整车性能、安全、动力的优化与操纵性的提升，同样可以带来十分明显的提升。据统计白车声的重量占整车质量的三分之一，在驾驶者使用过程中，将近一半以上的油耗用到了车身质量上。本文将重点阐述某车型在白车身轻量化项目过程中，通过应用热成型技术实现汽车轻量化的过程，其白车身轻量化进程主要内容大概可以概括为俗语“摸、排、滚、打”，即白车身性能摸底、排查、分析選代、最终打价格战。

关键词：热成型技术 白车身轻量化 有限元分析 性能指标

A Practical Case of Applying Thermoforming Technology to Achieve Lightweight Body-in-white

Zhou Jinfeng，Kong Jiaolong，Geng Juan

Abstract：With the advancement of the modern automobile industry's energy conservation and environmental protection thinking and the new four automotive principles， lightweight technology is increasingly widely used in the field of passenger cars. On the premise of not sacrificing the overall performance of the vehicle and the handling of the vehicle， the automotive engineer reduces the weight of the vehicle body by lightweight means， not only bringing cost benefits to the automobile manufacturer， but also for the optimization of the performance， safety， and power of the vehicle. The improvement of maneuverability can also bring an obvious improvement. According to statistics， the weight of the white car sound accounts for one-third of the vehicle's mass. During the driver's use， nearly half of the fuel consumption is used on the body's mass. This article will focus on the process of applying thermoforming technology to realize the light weighting process of a certain model in the body-in-white lightweight project. The main content of the light weighting process of the body-in-white can be summarized as the sayings "touch， row， roll， hit"， that is， the body-in-white performance survey， investigation， analysis and selection， and finally a price war.

Key words：thermoforming technology， lightweight body-in-white， finite element analysis， performance index

1 车身轻量化设计背景

汽车的发展从当初的富人玩具，逐渐优化演变，从代步工具一步一步变成与我们消费者生活密不可分的生活必需品。随着人们消费水平的提高，汽车已经逐渐从消费者的代步需求向个性化、娱乐性和舒适性迈进，同时对汽车碰撞安全性、强度耐久性与NVH性能要求的不断提高，必然会导致在车身上加装各种功能的零部件，提高相应的配置致使汽车的重量不断增加，这导致汽车的整车整备质量较过去二十年来持续上升。

1.1 车身轻量化的主要设计原则

汽车轻量化设计中应遵循的原则如下：