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9个玉米新品种在垄沟种植模式下的比较试验初报

2021-08-23穆灵仙

甘肃农业科技 2021年7期

穆灵仙

摘要:对9个玉米新品种在垄沟种植模式下的农艺性状和产量进行了观察分析。结果表明,各参试品种在崆峒区均能成熟。折合产量以先玉1483最高,较对照品种先玉335增产8.1%;其次是玉源7879,较对照品种先玉335增产7.7%;正大1689排第3,较对照品种先玉335增产6.3%;先玉1321排第4,较对照品种先玉335增产4.4%;富友968排第5,较对照品种先玉335增产2.5%。上述5个玉米品种对大斑病和青枯病综合抗性也较强,可作为崆峒区海拔1 400 m以下区域垄沟种植的主推品种。

关键词:玉米;新品种;垄沟种植;对比试验

中图分类号:S513        文献标志码:A        文章编号:1001-1463(2021)07-0055-05

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.07.011

Abstract:Radix isatidis Anhui bozhou was used as the material, the effect of Exogenous ALA on Photosynthesis and chlorophyII fluorescence dynamics of radix isatidis(Isatis indigotica F.) seedlings was studied. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(GS), transpiration rate(Tr) and intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci) of seedling leaves of Radix isatidis were significantly increased compared with that of spraying distilled water, which slightly improved the water use efficiency of Radix isatidis. The initial fluorescence (Fo) was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by 7.6% and 14.7% After 200 mg/L and 400 mg/L ALA treatment. The maximum fluorescence(Fm), the variable fluorescence(Fv.), the PS Ⅱmaximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm), the potential photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fo) and the ability of PS Ⅱ reaction center to trap energy from antenna pigment(1/Fo-1/Fm) were increased by 1.06%, 2.98%, 1.97%, 11.44% and 10.98%, respectively, compared with spraying distilled water with 200 mg/L exogenic ALA;400 mg/L exogenous ALA treatment increased by 1.72%, 5.54%, 3.81%, 23.72%, 23.53%, respectively. There were significant differences among(1/Fo-1/Fm) treatments(P < 0.05), and the differences among other indexes were extremely significant(P < 0.01), which indicated that exogenous ALA treatment could improve photosynthesis ability of radix isatidis seedlings.

Key words:Radix isatidis;ALA;Photosynthesis;ChlorophyII fluorescence dynamics

崆峒區地处甘肃东部,东经106° 25′~107° 21′,北纬35° 12′~35° 45′,总耕地5.55 万 hm2,平均海拔1 538 m,年均气温9.6 ℃,总日照时数2 445 h,无霜期185 d,是属典型的温带大陆性季风气候。玉米是甘肃省种植范围最广、单产最高的谷类作物[1 ],也是崆峒区第一大粮食作物,2020年播种面积2.23万hm2,产量12 350万kg,分别占全区粮食作物播种面积和总产量的51.32%和64.66%,在农业生产中占有重要地位。近年玉米大斑病和茎基腐病(青枯病)成为崆峒区玉米生产上的主要病害,生产上急需抗病性强的优良品种。优良品种的推广在粮食作物中增产的比重已由25%升至40%左右[2 ]。当前崆峒区备案销售的玉米种子有近200个品种,主要的有70多个,生产上主推品种不突出,也给农户选种带来很多不便。为此,崆峒区农业技术推广中心开展了玉米新品种对比试验,现将结果报告如下。

1   材料与方法

1.1   供试品种

参试玉米品种为玉源7879、大康969、华农887、正大1689、先玉1321、先玉1483、峰单189、潞玉1572、富友968等9个品种。……

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