杨照

摘要：在咸阳烟区对引进的6个优选烟草品种进行了品种筛选试验。结果表明，表现最好的烟草品种是延安1号，成熟度好，抗病性强，经济性状比较均衡，烟叶总产量最高，为2 122.50 kg/hm2;产值也最高，为58 405.8 00元/hm2。CC27成熟度和抗病性相对较强，烟叶总产量较高，为643.35 kg/hm2;产值也最高，为32 464.35元/hm2。云烟100烟叶总产量较低，为260.55 kg/hm2，但其成熟度好，上部叶片较大，中上等烟叶的占比较高，因此产值也较高，为27 137.55元/hm2。建议在咸阳烟区推广种植延安1号，搭配种植CC27、云烟100。

关键词：烟草;品种;筛选试验;咸阳烟区

中图分类号：S572       文献标志码：A        文章编号：1001-1463（2021）07-0032-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.07.006

Abstract：Six selected tobacco cultivars introduced were screened in Xianyang tobacco- growing area. The results showed that the tobacco variety with the best performance was Yanan 1， which had good maturity， strong disease resistance and balanced economic characters. The total yield of tobacco leaf was the highest， which was 2 122.50 kg/hm2， the Output value is also the highest， which is 58 405.800 yuan/hm2. CC27 had relatively strong maturity and disease resistance， and the total yield of tobacco was 643.35 kg/hm2， the output value is also the highest， which is 32 464.35 yuan/hm2. The total yield of Yunyan 100 tobacco leaves was 260.55 kg/hm2， but the maturity of Yunyan 100 tobacco leaves was good， the upper leaves were larger， and the proportion of middle and superior tobacco leaves was higher， so the output value was also higher， which was    27 137.55 yuan/hm2. It is suggested to popularize the planting of Yanan 1 in Xianyang tobacco area， along with CC27 and Yunyan 100.

Key words：Tobacco ;Cultivars ; Screening text; Xianyang tobacco growing area

煙草是一种同时要求品质和产量的特殊经济作物[1 - 4 ]。烟叶产质量的好坏主要受遗传因素、环境因素共同决定，其中品种因素占25%～35%[5 ]。优良的品种是获得优质烟叶的内在因素，不同的烟草品种具有特有的适应区域[6 ]。不同品种同一环境下，烟叶的表现不尽相同，各烟区需要筛选适合当地烟叶生产的烟草品种[7 - 10 ]。筛选和推广符合特定区域的优良品种是稳定产量、提高品质最有效的手段和措施[11 ]。通过对引进的6个不同烟草品种进行比较试验，从而筛选出适合中高档卷烟生产需求烟叶，既能为咸阳烟草产区后续发展储备优质品种，又能保障当地烟草产区烟草品种安全，从而掌握烟草生产的主动权。

1   材料与方法

1.1   试验材料

供试烟草品种为云烟97、云烟100、云烟121、云烟301、CC27、延安1号，均由玉溪中烟种子有限责任公司提供。供试化肥为洛南县秦丰化工有限责任公司生产的烟叶烟草专用肥（N∶P2O5∶K2O=10∶16∶18）。……