中小企业应收账款管理措施探讨
2021-08-17刘少伟
刘少伟
【摘 要】2018年11月起,党中央、国务院在全国范围内多次安排部署清理拖欠民营企业、中小企业账款工作。2020年,国务院发布了《保障中小企业款项支付条例》,要求机关、事业单位和大型企业按照该条例要求支付采购货物、工程、服务需支付中小企业的款项。这些措施的出台大大维护了中小企业的合法权益,优化了营商环境。论文就新形势下中小企业如何加强应收账款管理进行探讨。
【Abstract】Since November 2018, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council have repeatedly arranged and deployed the work of clearing outstanding accounts of private enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises across the country. In 2020, the State Council issued the "Regulation on Protecting Payments for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises", which requires that government agencies, public institutions and large enterprises should pay for the procurement of goods, engineering, services required to pay the small and medium-sized enterprises in accordance with the requirements of the regulation. The introduction of these measures has greatly safeguarded the legitimate rights and interests of small and medium-sized enterprises and optimized the business environment. This paper discusses how to strengthen the management of accounts receivable in small and medium-sized enterprises under the new situation.
【关键词】中小企业;应收账款;措施
【Keywords】small and medium-sized enterprises; accounts receivable; measures
【中图分类号】F276.3;F275 【文献标志码】A 【文章編号】1673-1069(2021)08-0006-02
1 引言
近年来,账款拖欠问题对民营企业尤其是中小企业(以下统称“中小企业”)的不利影响日益突出。特别是在经济下行压力下,长期难以回收的大额应收账款,更是成为中小企业脱困的重大障碍。党中央、国务院高度关注中小企业的发展,对政府和国有企业清理拖欠民营企业账款问题高度重视,要求必须限期完成拖欠款项支付。各地严格按照国务院要求,加快落实清理工作,取得了实质性成效。外部环境好了,中小企业自身又该如何加强应收账款的管理呢?
2 中小企业应收账款存在的主要原因
2.1 中小企业应收账款存在的必然性
应收账款实际上是市场竞争的必然产物,客观上也揭示了企业市场地位的高低。企业应收账款比例越大、账期越长说明企业产品竞争力越差、可取代性越强,企业市场竞争地位也越劣势。中小企业因为规模小、产品可替代性强等原因在激烈的市场竞争中往往处于劣势,应收账款也就自然而然存在了,而且应收金额较大,回款期限较长,回款条件也更苛刻。……
