闫娟娟 胡安霞 裴中阳

中圖分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2021）13-1549-08

DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2021.13.03

摘 要 目的：研究我国医药制造业产学研专利合作模式与网络演化特征，为我国医药创新合作提供决策依据。方法：采用社会网络分析方法，基于1998-2019年医药制造业产学研合作专利数据，构建我国医药制造业专利合作网络，计算结构参数并分析其演化规律。结果：我国医药制造业产学研合作专利明显受药物创新政策影响;医药制造业创新网络规模日益扩大，网络密度逐渐降低，不具备典型的小世界特性。结论：应加大对高校和研究所等核心创新主体的科技扶持，鼓励其与企业的联合研发;优化药物创新政策环境，鼓励更多的创新主体参与到药物研发过程中;搭建产学研协同创新平台，构建促进产学研合作的药物研发机制，减少合作中间人数，优化药物研发资源配置，促进企业合作创新。

关键词 医药制造业;产学研;创新;专利;社会网络

Study on Industry-university-research Cooperation Model and Network Evolution of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry

YAN Juanjuan1，2，HU Anxia1，2，PEI Zhongyang1，2（1. College of Health Service and Management，Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine，Shanxi Jinzhong 030619，China; 2. Center for Shanxi TCM Research，Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine，Shanxi Jinzhong 030619，China）

ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE：To study industry-university-research cooperation model and network evolution characteristics of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in China，and to provide decision-making basis for pharmaceutical innovation cooperation. METHODS：Using social network analysis method，based on industry-university-research cooperation patent data of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry during 1998-2019，the patent cooperation network of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in China was established，and the structural parameters were calculated and evolution regularity of the network were analyzed. RESULTS：Industry-university-research cooperation patents in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry were affected by drug innovation policies. The scale of innovation network in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry was expanding day by day; the density of innovation network was decreasing gradually; it was not characterized with typical small world features. CONCLUSIONS：It is suggested to strengthen the scientific and technological support to the core innovation subjects （universities and research institutions）， and improve the cooperation with enterprises; optimize the drug innovation policy environment，encourage more innovation subjects to participate in the drug R&D process; construct a platform for industry-university-research collaborative innovation，build drug R&D mechanism which can promote industry-university-research cooperation，reduce the number of intermediaries in cooperation，optimize the allocation of drug R&D resources and promote cooperative innovation of enterprises.

KEYWORDS   Pharmaceutical manufacturing industry; Industry-university-research; Innovation; Patent; Social network

作为知识密集型产业，医药制造业的创新能力对于产业发展至关重要。然而，我国医药制造业技术创新能力薄弱、研发投入不足、科研转化效率较低。核心竞争力是企业持续竞争优势的关键来源[1]。随着竞争的不断加剧，企业难以通过自身资源获得核心竞争力，产学研合作成为企业寻求竞争优势的主要途径[2]。产学研合作在满足各创新主体利益的基础上，形成相互合作、互相制约、利益共享、风险共担的合作创新组织，通过创新网络可有效实现创新主体间的知识共享、优势互补，促进科技成果转化，提高产业创新能力[3]。……