石兴华 范祥祯 毛云飞 周紫球

摘 要：為了促进糖分积累，提高果实可溶性固形物含量，增加果农经济收入，以宫川早熟温州密柑（Citrus unshiu Marc.）为材料，通过搭建避雨棚、覆盖薄膜等措施对雨水进行控制管理，研究采摘前雨水对柑橘的果实可溶性固形物含量、果实形状、鲜果产量、鲜果净产值的影响。结果显示，与对照相比，果实可溶性固形物含量搭建避雨棚的处理达到17.05，提高了51.52%，园地覆膜的达15.1，提高了30.74%;果实纵径搭建避雨棚的减少35.25%，园地覆膜的减少了25.71%;果实横径搭建避雨棚的减少了19.15%，园地覆膜的减少了13.02%;鲜果产量搭建避雨棚的减少102.38%，园地覆膜的减少了96.63%;鲜果产值搭建避雨棚的减少了102.38%，园地覆膜的减少96.63%;净产值投入产出比，搭建避雨棚的为1：0.55，园地覆膜的1：17.85。由此可见，柑橘采前采用园地覆膜对园地进行雨水控制管理，能使土壤产生一定的水分胁迫，水分亏缺胁迫下诱发的渗透调节机制，促使果形变小、产量降低，但果实可溶性固形物含量增加、品质变优，经济收入增加，所以，在柑橘采前至完熟期间，对园地覆盖薄膜进行雨水控制管理这一技术可以在生产中推广应用。

关键词：温州蜜柑;雨水控制;果实品质;经济收入

文章编号：2096-8108（2021）04-0007-04  中图分类号：S666.2  文献标识码：A

Effects of Water Control on Citrus Fruit

Qualily and Economic Income

SHI Xinhua1，FAN Xiangzhen1，MAO Yunfei1，ZHOU Ziqiu2

（1.Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Suichang County， Suichang 323300， China;

2. Ecological Forestry Development Center of Suichang County， Suichang 323300， China）

Abstract：

To promote the sugar accumulation， improve fruit sweetness， enhance the economic income of fruit growers， the effects of rainwater on fruit sweetness， fruit shape， fresh fruit yield and net output value of citrus were studied taking Citrus unshiu Marc. as the material， building greenhouses， covering film and other measures to control and manage rainwater. The results showed that compared with the control group， the fruit sweetness of greenhouse treatment reached 17.05， increased by 51.52%， and the fruit sweetness of orchard mulching reached 15.1， increased by 30.74%. The vertical diameter of fruit in greenhouses decreased by 35.25%， and that of orchard mulching decreased by 25.71%. The fruit diameter in greenhouses decreased by 19.15%， and that of orchard mulching decreased by 13.02%. The yield of fresh fruit was reduced by 102.38% in greenhouses and 96.63% in orchard mulching. The input-output ratio of net output value was 1：0.55 for greenhouse construction and 1：17.85 for orchard mulching. Although the rainwater control and management of citrus garden before harvest by using orchard mulching can make the soil produce certain water stress， and the osmotic regulation mechanism induced by water deficit stress could make the fruit shape smaller and yield lower， but the fruit sweetness and quality improve， and the economic income increase. So it was worth popularizing and applying the technique of covering the orchard mulching to control the water during the period from harvest to ripe citrus.

Keywords：Citrus unshiu Marc.; water control; fruit qualily; economic income

柑橘为芸香科（Rutaceae）、柑橘亚科（Aurantioideae）、柑橘族（Citreae）、柑橘亚族（Citrinae）的常绿乔木植物[1]。柑橘业是浙江种植业的主导产业之一[2]，

近年来

早熟柑橘采用“完熟采收技术”，

果实品质明显提高，产品售价高达100元/kg，经济效益显著[3]。但由于水分过多……