栗浩宽 梁春莉 于立杰

摘 要：榛子整形修剪是调节树体营养与结果关系的重要措施，榛子幼树修剪以扩冠为主，盛果期修剪保证高产稳产是最终目标，衰老期以树体快速更新为目的。以达维品种为试材，开展幼树定干、初果期短截程度及单株修剪量试验，结果表明：对于1年生优质苗木建园，定干高度为苗木长度30%，其苗木栽植成活率最高、树体扩冠效果最好;短截枝条长度30%，单株产量最高，进入初果期，每年修剪量为20%，榛子单株产量最高。

关键词：榛子;幼树;修剪

文章编号：2096-8108（2021）04-0004-03  中图分类号：S664.4  文献标识码：A

Effects of Different Pruning Treatments on Yield of Hazelnut

LI Haokuan，LIANG Chunli*，YU Lijie

（Liaoning Agricultural Vocational and Technical College，Yingkou 115009， China）

Abstract：Shaping and pruning of Hazelnut is an important measure to adjust the relationship between nutrition and fruiting of fruit trees. Pruning of young hazelnut trees mainly includes crown pruning， and pruning in full fruit period to ensure higher yield is the ultimate goal. The results showed that when the height of fixed stem was 30% of the seedling length for the establishment of a good quality seedling garden. The results showed that when the height of fixed stem was 30% of the seedling length， the survival rate of seedling was the highest， the crown-expanding effect was the best.When the length of short branch was 30% ， the yield per plant was the highest：when the annual pruning was 20%，and the yield per plant of

Hazelnut was the highest.

Keywords：Hazelnut; sapling; pruning

榛（Corylus heterophylla Fisch）为榛科榛属植物，是我国重要经济林树种，具有较高经济效益和生态效益。平欧杂种榛是平榛（Corylus heterophylla Fisch）与欧洲榛（Corylus avellanay L）的杂交种，以果大、产量高，抗寒性强著称，是我国榛子商品化栽培主要树种。随着对榛子产业发展，榛子树体管理逐渐精细，針对榛子栽培管理开展许多研究，整形修剪是促进榛树早结果、早丰产、延长结果年限的重要措施之一，本文以达维榛子品种为试材，研究其定干高度、冬季修剪短截长度、数量对其产量影响，期待对榛子整形修剪标准化流程提供可参考资料。

1 材料与方法

试验材料为2～5年生达维品种，取自辽宁农业职业技术学院榛子基地，园区土壤条件一般，管理良好，树势中庸，丛状树形。

1.1 定干高度对达维苗木成活及成冠影响

2019年园区选择达维一级苗建园，建园后进行榛树定干，选择32株榛树，分别剪掉苗木高度的0%、10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%。单株小区，重复4次。1个月后，检查苗木成活率，第2年春季测量冠径。……