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软件检验中的六性要求探讨

2021-08-14赵智伟王猛周辉安娜

计算机与网络 2021年13期

赵智伟 王猛 周辉 安娜

摘要:针对大型复杂软件可靠性低、重大任务运行过程中出现软件故障的问题,从软件的全生命周期角度研究软件可靠性设计方法;从软件可靠性检验、软件维修性检验、软件保障性检验、软件测试性检验、软件安全性检验和软件环境适应性检验等方面探讨软件六性检验方法。针对软件可靠性检验,从软件失效、功能剖面、失效模式和影响度分析、可靠性定义、可靠性模型选择和指标分配,涵盖了软件需求、概要设计、详细设计及测试设计等不同阶段,最后以实例进行验证。

关键词:关键件;失效模式;可靠性模型;六性检验

中图分类号:TP393 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1008-1739(2021)13-70-4

Discussion on Six Properties of Software Inspection

ZHAO Zhiwei1, WANG Meng2, ZHOU Hui3, AN Na4

(1. Unit 91917, PLA, Beijing 102401, China;

2. Military Representative Office of the Equipment Department of PLA Rocket Force Stationed in Langfang, Langfang 065000, China;

3. Military Representative Office of the Military Representative Bureau of Equipment Development Department of CMC Stationed inShijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050081, China;

4. The 54th Research Institute of CETC, Shijiazhuang 050081, China)

Abstract:In view of low reliability of large and complex software and software fault in running, the design of software reliability isstudied. The inspection method of six properties of software is discussed, from the view of software lifetime, including softwarereliability, maintenance, safeguard, testing and safety and environments adaptability. Aiming at the software reliability, the softwarefault and software function profile and fault mode, effect analysis, reliability definition, reliability model choice and indexes allocationcover the software requirement, online design, detailed design and testing design. At last, the verification is done by using the instance.

Keywords:key module; fault mode; reliability model; six properties inspection

0 引言

軟件是各个系统的必要组成部分,也是各系统的核心功能所在,随着 SDN/NFV 的出现,软件定义网络及硬件功能软件化、虚拟化,软件的地位和作用越来越突出。同时软件直接面向各级各类运维人员,是网络整体运行状态的呈现者,为大型任务网可靠高效运行保驾护航,为重大任务的顺利完成提供技术支撑,因此研制高可靠性高质量的软件势在必行,研究探讨软件六性检验、提升软件质量和可靠性具有重要意义。

1 软件可靠性检验

软件可靠性检验主要包括软件复杂度、软件冗余、软件健壮性、软件避错和软件程序可读性检验。

1.1 软件复杂度检验

软件复杂度检验主要关注层次结构、模块化设计、服务化设计等方面:

①体系架构检验:检验软件是否有体系架构设计图,针对大型复杂软件,重点检验是否进行体系架构的层次性分解。……

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