梁燕妮 欧阳学认 廖永州

摘要 目的：研究异功散对支气管哮喘小鼠气道炎症反应的抑制及其对肠道菌群结构的调节作用。方法：将无特定病原体（SPF）级雄性小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、异功散组和西药组，每组10只。通过抗生素诱导、致敏和雾化激发建立肠道菌群紊乱的哮喘小鼠模型。观察小鼠一般情况、肺组织病理变化，对各组小鼠粪便进行16S rRNA测序并分析治疗前后肠道菌群的变化。结果：1）异功散组和西药组的哮喘小鼠的生理状态、哮喘症状较模型组明显好转;2）与模型组比较，异功散组和西药组小鼠肺组织炎症反应得到明显改善;3）与空白对照组比较，模型组的Chao1指數显著降低（P<0.01）;与模型组比较，异功散组和西药组的Chao1指数明显回升（P<0.05）。与模型组比较，异功散组的拟普雷沃菌属和普雷沃菌属的比例明显回升，而乳杆菌属和拟杆菌属的比例下降。结论：异功散改善哮喘小鼠的症状和气道炎症反应的作用可能与其恢复肠道菌群的丰富度和多样性以及调节菌群结构的平衡有关。

关键词 异功散;哮喘;脾胃虚弱;气道;炎症反应;肠道菌群;16S rRNA测序

Abstract Objective：To study the inhibitory effect of Yi Gong Powder on airway inflammation in bronchial asthma mice and its regulation on the structure of intestinal flora.Methods：SPF grade male mice were randomly divided into a blank control group，a model group，a Yi Gong Powder group and a Western medicine group，with 10 in each group.A mouse model of asthma with intestinal flora disorder was established through antibiotic induction，sensitization and nebulization.The general condition of mice and the pathological changes of lung tissues were observed.The feces of each group of mice were sequenced by 16S rRNA and the changes of intestinal flora before and after treatment were analyzed.Results：1）The physiological status and asthma symptoms of asthma mice in Yi Gong Powder group（Y）and Western medicine group were better than those in model group.2）Compared with the model group，the lung tissue inflammation of the Yi Gong Powder group and the Western medicine group was significantly improved.3）16S rRNA sequencing results showed that：compared with the blank control group，the Chao1 index of the model group was significantly reduced（P<0.01）; compared with the model group，the Chao1 index of the Yi Gong Powder group increased significantly（P<0.05）.At the genus level of the bacterial group structure，compared with the model group（M），the proportion of Alloprevotella and Prevotella in the Yi Gong Powder group increased significantly，but there was a certain gap from blank control group，while the proportion of Lactobacillus and Bacteroides has declined.Conclusion：The effects of Yi Gong Powder on improving the symptoms and airway inflammation in asthmatic mice may be related to restoring the richness and diversity of intestinal flora and regulating the balance of flora structure.

Keywords Yi Gong Powder; Asthmatic; Spleen and stomach weakness; Airway; Inflammatory reaction; Intestinal flora; 16S rRNA sequencing

中图分类号：R256.12;R562.2+5文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.10.007

支气管哮喘（以下简称哮喘）是一种以慢性气道炎症反应和气道高反应性为特征的异质性疾病[1]。近20年来我国儿童哮喘的患病率呈显著上升趋势，且总体上以学龄前儿童最高[2]。哮喘对儿童的生活、学习甚至生命带来严重的危害，如何更有效的防治哮喘一直是亟待解决的问题。有证据表明，微生物群在宿主的肠黏膜和免疫系统的发育中发挥着不可或缺的作用[3]，而大量服用抗生素的婴幼儿在菌群结构遭到破坏的同时也增加了患哮喘疾病的风险[4]。近年来，肠道菌群与哮喘等过敏性疾病的关系成为研究热点。

从中医“整体观念”的角度出发，肠道微生态的组成、结构多样性和菌群代谢状态的平衡与稳定是维持“脾主运化”正常功能状态的重要因素[5-6]。……