柳莹 吴俊杰 马军 杨玉生

摘 要：某水库工程沥青心墙坝坝基存在砂卵砾石层渗透性强、河床断层、左岸绕坝渗流等防渗设计难题，为减少渗漏和保障工程运行安全，该工程坝体采用沥青混凝土心墙进行防渗，坝基及左岸古河槽采用固结灌浆及帷幕灌浆的方式进行防渗处理。针对坝体和坝基系统的防渗设计，通过三维渗流分析，确定了不同运行工况下水库的渗透流量，研究了坝体和坝基系统及周围山体的渗流场分布，结合渗透破坏试验确定允许水力坡降，对大坝防渗体系的有效性和防渗设计合理性进行了评估。结果表明，该工程防渗体系能有效防止水库发生明显渗漏，坝体下游渗流出逸点和坝基覆盖层不会发生渗透破坏。

关键词：砂砾石覆盖层;沥青混凝土;心墙坝;三维绕坝渗流计算;安全评价

中图分类号：TV641 文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2021.07.026

引用格式：柳莹，吴俊杰，马军，等.某水库复杂坝基沥青混凝土心墙坝渗透安全评价[J].人民黄河，2021，43（7）：137-140.

Abstract： In order to reduce the seepage and ensure the seepage safety ofa project， the asphalt concrete core wall was used for seepage control of the dam body and the consolidation grouting and curtain grouting were used for seepage control of the dam foundation and the left bank ancient channel. Aiming at the anti-seepage design of dam body and dam foundation system， through three-dimensional seepage analysis， the seepage flow of a reservoir under different operation conditions was determined. The seepage field distribution of dam body and dam foundation system and surrounding mountains was studied. Combined with the allowable hydraulic gradient determined by seepage failure test， the effectiveness of dam anti-seepage system and the rationality of anti-seepage design were evaluated. The results show that the seepage control system of the project can effectively prevent the obvious leakage of the reservoir and the seepage damage will not occur at the downstream exit point of the dam body and the overburden layer of the dam foundation. The research results can provide a reference for the seepage control design of similar projects.

Key words： gravel overburden; asphalt concrete; core wall dam; three dimensional seepage calculation around dam; safety evaluation

瀝青混凝土心墙坝因筑坝材料来源广泛、施工周期短、造价相对较低等特点，是新疆坝工建设中很有竞争力的坝型。目前，全疆共建沥青心墙坝70余座，其中坝高百米以上11座（在建8座），分别约占全国沥青心墙坝总量和坝高百米以上沥青心墙坝总量的60%和73%。新疆沥青心墙坝建设取得了巨大的成就，但也有一些水库在蓄水或后期运行时出现渗漏量较大甚至渗透变形的问题[1-2]，渗漏量较大时严重影响水库效益的发挥，渗透变形问题则严重威胁大坝安全[3-6]。……