安阳河动态纳污能力分析
2021-08-11耿文斌赵姗侯俊山闫寿松李晓峰朱文举
耿文斌 赵姗 侯俊山 闫寿松 李晓峰 朱文举



摘 要:在不同保证率和不同时间尺度的设计水文条件下,动态计算出安阳河市区段2016年水体纳污能力和年内分配,并对计算结果进行了对比分析,结果表明:安阳河市区段整体处于污染状态,3个水功能区中仅安阳河安阳市排污控制区污染物排放不超标,其余水功能区COD和NH3-N排放量均超过纳污能力上限,且NH3-N超标情况更为严重;安阳河市区段汛期月均纳污能力与非汛期月均纳污能力相差较小;安阳河市区段纳污能力1—5月整体呈下降趋势,5—7月呈逐渐上升趋势,至8月纳污能力达到最大,随后又呈现波动下降趋势,5月为全年最小;纳污能力的大小与时间尺度成负相关关系,不同时间尺度下确定的年纳污能力月尺度>水期尺度>年尺度。
关键词:纳污能力;保证率;时间尺度;安阳河
中图分类号:X522;TV212.5 文献标志码:A
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2021.07.021
引用格式:耿文斌,赵姗,侯俊山,等.安阳河动态纳污能力分析[J].人民黄河,2021,43(7):110-113.
Abstract:Under the designed hydrological conditions of different guarantee rates and different time scales, the paper dynamically calculated the sewage capacity and annual distribution of the urban section of Anyang River in 2016. The calculation results were comparatively analyzed. The results show that the pollutant discharge in Anyang sewage control area is not exceeding the standard, the COD and NH3-N discharge of other water function areas exceed the upper limit of the capacity and the NH3-N is more serious. The monthly average water environmental capacity of the river in flood season is smaller than that in non-flood season, the water environmental capacity of the river in July to October is larger, the water environmental capacity of August is the maximum in the whole year and the water environmental capacity of November to May is gradually reduced, in May, the water environmental capacity is the lowest in the whole year. There is a negative correlation between the size of the capacity and the time scale and the annual capacity is the monthly scale > the water scale > the annual scale.
Key words: water environmental capacity; guarantee rate; time scale; Anyang River
納污能力是指一定条件下水体的最大纳污量[1-2]。纳污能力是制定污染物限排量的重要依据,能直接反映水体的水质状况[3-4]。目前我国纳污能力大多按照《水域纳污能力计算规程》(GB/T 25173—2010)计算,其中设计水文条件选取90%保证率最枯月平均流量或近10 a最枯月平均流量,这种条件下得到的纳污能力为一固定值,且设计水文条件较为严格,以此作为标准应用于水资源管理和保护必然安全[5]。但实际纳污能力与水文过程关系密切,水文过程在自然条件下是动态变化的,纳污能力也是一个动态变化的量[6-7]。将一个确……
