姚佳 黄有全

摘  要：贯穿式项目制教学是当今职业教育的发展趋势，该文以机电一体化专业为例，依照教学项目来源于企业又适用于教学的原则，设计了一种简易挖掘机。从整体设计思路、挖掘机机械部分设计、电气及控制程序设计方面介绍了挖掘机的开发和设计过程，并进行了实物制作，依托该项目开展了常规教学和国际培训等一系列教学活动。实践表明，该设计在培养学生动手能力、知识和技能的综合运用能力方面有很好的成效。

关键词：贯穿式  项目制  简易挖掘机  机电一体化

中图分类号：TH132                         文獻标识码：A文章编号：1672-3791（2021）04（a）-0077-05

A Design and Manufacture of a Simple Excavator Based on the Through Project System

YAO Jia  HUANG Youquan

（Electronic and Information Engineering Department of Changsha Social Work College， Changsha， Hunan Province， 410004  China）

Abstract： Through project teaching is the development trend of vocational education. Taking Mechatronics as an example， according to the principle that teaching project comes from enterprise and is suitable for teaching， a simple excavator is designed. This paper introduces the development and design process of excavator from the aspects of overall design idea， mechanical part design of excavator， electrical and control program design， and makes physical production. Relying on the project， a series of teaching activities such as routine teaching and international training are carried out. The practice shows that the design is effective in cultivating students' hands-on ability， improving students' working ability and improving students' quality The comprehensive application of knowledge and skills has achieved good results.

Key Words： Through type;Project scheme;Simple excavator model;Mechatronics

当今社会，科技快速发展，各个领域都大量需要技能型的高素质人才，国家大力发展职业教育，推行产教融合、校企合作，企业对于学生综合能力的重视，急需教学方式和内容的改革，如何培养适应中国制造行业所需要的高素质综合性人才，是当今社会研究的热点。

国家职业教育改革实施方案提出了推动教学内容的改革，通过构建企业真实的案例、真实项目来激发学习者的学习兴趣和职业兴趣[1]。以往职业教育中存在重知识轻技能、重专业技能轻职业能力培养的问题，当今学科之间的界限已经不那么明显了，课程之间的知识和技能是联系紧密且相互交融的，而往往学生对专业课程之间的关联以及专业系统性的认知不足，导致学生被培养出来的能力与社会需求的脱节[2]，已无法适应传统制造业向智能制造产业的发展要求。……