火灾逃生与紧急疏散虚拟仿真实验系统的研究
2021-07-28郝凤涛曾文琪
郝凤涛 曾文琪

摘 要:火灾安全事故一旦发生就会严重威胁人们的生命安全,学会如何处理险情至关重要。然而,火灾逃生与紧急疏散不可能通过反复亲身体验火灾事故真实情景的方式去直接获取经验,因此对火灾相关知识很难进行实践教学。本文构建了虚拟仿真实验系统对火灾事故场景进行虚拟再现,建立火灾逃生与疏散演练的虚拟环境,为学习者提供直观的学习手段,营造身临其境的真实体验环境,从而增强遇到特殊险情的应变能力。
关键词:虚拟仿真 火灾疏散 实验教学 开放共享
中图分类号:G642 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-098X(2021)03(a)-0220-03
Research on Virtual Simulation Experiment System of Fire Escape and Emergency Evacuation
HAO Fengtao ZENG Wenqi*
(Teachers College of Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100011 China)
Abstract: Once the fire accident happens, it will seriously threaten people's lives. So it is very important to learn how to deal with dangerous situation. However, it is impossible to directly acquire the experience of fire escape and emergency evacuation by repeatedly experiencing the real situation of fire accident. So it is difficult to carry out practical teaching of fire-related knowledge. In this paper, a virtual simulation experiment system is constructed to reproduce the virtual scenes of fire accident and establish the virtual environment for fire escape and evacuation drills. The system provides learners with an intuitive learning method and creates an immersive real experience environment, so as to enhance their ability to cope with emergencies.
Key Words: Virtual simulation; Fire evacuation; Experiment teaching; Open sharing
1 火灾逃生与紧急疏散虚拟仿真实验的意义
火灾安全事故一旦发生,就会严重威胁人们的生活,轻则损伤,重则危及生命。如何应对和处理火灾险情,学会在紧急时刻迅速逃生并进行疏散是我们每个人应该掌握的技能。由于火灾事故发生的特殊性和危险性,公众在实际生活中很难通过亲身经历的方式去取得实际学习经验。因此,研究并应用相应的虚拟仿真实验系统具有非常实际的意义,主要体现在:
(1)可将火灾环境在实验系统中仿真实现。
火灾逃生现场一般在现实演练中很难重现,而且由于场地的限制,现场逃生演练无法大面积推广。而且,在紧急的情况下,特别是一旦面对真实的火场,偶尔的逃生演练中学习的技能未必转化为危机时刻的正确行动[1]。
因此,将火灾逃生自救通过虚拟仿真的形式进行呈现,就能够很好地解决这一问题。……
