刘译元 袁恩梅 曾夏锐

DOI：10.16661/j.cnki.1672-3791.2010-5042-5512

摘  要：为解决农村高中生在英语阅读时理解句意时出现的困惑以及改善轻语法重阅读的现象，该文以农村高三学生为研究对象，在收集相关理论的基础上，进行了一项旨在促进学生理解句子，从而实现更有效阅读的句法知识的教学研究。该文采取自然实验的方法，选取高三年级两个班级，分为实验班和对照班，拟利用一年的教学时间，以叶斯帕森语法理论、依存语法、行为主义教学法、语篇语法为基础，教学实验设计主要从如下3个方面进行：（1）词性及句子成分为教学基础;（2）句子结构分析对句子进行拆解，清晰主干及大意;（3）在理解大意前提下组装句子，对句子翻译与造句。通过借鉴依存语法中句子的层级结构理论进行教学设计给出结论。

关键词：高中英语  句法  教学设计  依存语法

中图分类号：G63                              文獻标识码：A文章编号：1672-3791（2021）03（b）-0137-03

The Design of English Syntax Teaching in Rural Senior High Schools

LIU Yiyuan1  YUAN Enmei1   ZENG Xiarui2

（1.Gulang County No.3 Middle School， wuwei， Gansu Province， 733103 China; 2.School of Economics and Management， Guangxi Normal University， Guilin， Guangxi Province， 541003  China）

Abstract： In order to solve the confusion of rural senior high school students in understanding sentence meaning in English reading and to improve the phenomenon of light grammar and heavy reading， the poper took rural senior high school students as the research object， based on the collection of relevant theories， and conducted a project aimed at promoting students' understanding sentences， so as to realize the teaching research of syntactic knowledge for more effective reading. the paper adapts the method of natural experiment， selecting two classes of senior third grade， divided into experimental class and control class. It is planned to use one year of teaching time， based on the grammar theory， dependent grammar， behaviorist teaching method， and discourse grammar. The teaching experiment design of this article is mainly designed from the following three aspects： （1） part of speech and sentence components are the basis of teaching; （2） sentence structure analysis is used to disassemble the sentence to clarify the main and general meaning; （3） assemble sentences under the premise of understanding the main idea， translate and make sentences. It draws conclusions in teaching design by drawing on the theory of sentence hierarchy in dependent grammar.

Key Words： High school English; Syntax; Instructional design; Dependent grammar

1  高中英语教学现状

高中英语教学中出现了轻语法重阅读的现象，句子教学、语法教学的研究似乎在“逆时代潮流而动”，学生在输出英语句子、汉译英翻译练习时无法准确书写句子等现象非常普遍。因此，该文试图通过对句子构造进行分析教学，让学生掌握相关句法知识，强化阅读效果。

2  理论基础

语法范畴包括词法和句法，该研究只关注理论研究中与句法相关的部分。

2.1 叶斯柏森的语法理论

叶斯柏森以等级、连接和叙述为基础，来解释所有句法结构（郭茂生，吴爱珍，2000），根据词在句法结构中的作用把它们分为若干等级：基本级是表达主要概念的中心词，修饰基本级的词为次级，修饰次级的词为三级，以此类推。……