秭归县国家重点保护野生植物红豆树种群生态特征初步研究
2021-07-25李杨段翔杨诗雨葛继稳
李杨 段翔 杨诗雨 葛继稳



摘 要: 红豆树是中国特有物种,多混生于阔叶林中,被世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)濒危物种红色名录列为近危物种,为国家Ⅱ级保护野生植物。采用样地法对湖北省宜昌市秭归县杨林桥镇杨林桥小学旁红豆树种群年龄结构、空间分布格局进行了调查。种群年龄结构、种群特定时间生命表和存活曲线研究结果均表明红豆树种群呈稳定型特征;空间分布指数法、负二项参数(k)法检验结果表明红豆树种群分布呈集群分布。对红豆树野生种群的保护提出了建议。
关键词: 红豆树;年龄结构;存活曲线;种群空间分布格局
中图分类号:S718.46 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1004-3020(2021)01-0006-04
Preliminary Study on Population Ecological Characteristics of National
Key Protected Wild Plant Ormosia hosiei in Zigui County
Li Yang(1) Duan Xiang(1) Yang Shiyu(1) Ge Jiwen(1,2)
(1.Department of Bioscience and Technology,School of Environment Studies,
China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) Wuhan 430074;
2.Institute of Ecology and Environmential Sciences,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan),
Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration Wuhan 430074)
Abstract: Ormosia hosiei is an endemic species in China,mostly mixed in broad-leaved forest.It is listed as near endangered species by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) red list,and is a national grade II protected plant.The age structure and spatial distribution pattern of Ormosia hosiei population near Yanglinqiao Primary School in Zigui County of Yichang City,Hubei Province were investigated by sample plot method.The findings of the population age structure,population life table for a special time and survival curve all showed that the population of Ormosia hosiei was stable type;the results of spatial distribution index method and negative binomial parameter (k) method showed that the distribution of Ormosia hosiei population was cluster distribution;Some suggestions for the protection of Ormosia hosiei were put forward.
Key words: Ormosia hosiei;age structure;survival curve;population spatial distribution pattern
紅豆树Ormosia hosiei,又名鄂西红豆,属豆科、红豆属,具有极高的经济价值和开发利用价值,现存野外种群稀少。常绿或落叶乔木,高达20~30 m,胸径可达1 m。产陕西(南部)、甘肃(东南部)、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、湖北、四川、贵州。生于河旁、山坡、山谷林内,海拔200~900 m,稀达1 350 m。模式标本采自四川成都[1],为国家Ⅱ级保护植物。
植物种群(Plant population)是指特定时间占据一定空间的同种植物个体的集合群,具有空间、数量和遗传三个主要特征。种群不仅是物种在自然界中存在、繁殖、进化的基本单位,也是生物群落、生态系统的基本组成成分,同时还是生物资源保护、利用和有害生物综合管理的具体对象。鉴于此,作者对野生红豆树种群相关特征进行实地了调查。根据调查结果,对红豆树种群的数量特征(径级或年龄结构)和空间特征(分布格局)进行研究,以期深入了解该区红豆树种群的生存现状,并为其更新、恢复和保护等提供理论依据。……
