何少康 任春雨

摘要：为使复合材料层合板低频声辐射性能最优，根据无限域声场的特点，介绍将有限元与无限元耦合进行声辐射性能分析的理论和方法，采用2个算例验证该方法的有效性。将有限元软件Abaqus与数值优化软件Isight相结合完成复合材料铺层角的优化，并提出逐层优化的思路。以含有8层单层板和1层阻尼芯层的复合材料层合板为研究对象，以铺层角为设计变量，采用逐层优化方法（layer-wise optimization method， LOM）优化层合板的声学性能，并分析阻尼芯层对层合板声辐射的影响。结果表明：合理的铺层角可以提高复合材料层合板的1阶固有频率，达到减少声辐射谱峰数量和降低辐射声功率的效果;增加阻尼芯层可以抑制声辐射谱峰，有利于提高层合板的低频声辐射性能。

关键词：

复合材料; 层合板; 声辐射; 耦合; 铺层角; 优化

中图分类号：TB334;TB115.1

文献标志码：B

Optimization on low frequency acoustic radiation of composite material laminate

HE Shaokang， REN Chunyu

（School of Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering， Huazhong University of Science and Technology， Wuhan 430074， China）

Abstract：

In order to optimize the low frequency acoustic radiation performance of the composite material laminate， according to the characteristics of the infinite acoustic field， the theory and method of the finite element and infinite element coupling are introduced to analyze the acoustic radiation performance， and the effectiveness is verified by two examples. The finite element software Abaqus and the numerical optimization software Isight are combined to optimize the composite material layering angle， and then the idea of layer-wise optimization is proposed. Taking the composite material laminate with eight single-layer plates and one core damping layer as the research object， taking the layering angle as the design variable， the layer-wise optimization method （LOM） is used to optimize the acoustic performance of the laminate， and the effect of the core damping layer on the acoustic radiation of the laminate is analyzed. The results show that the first order natural frequency of the composite material laminate can be increased by the reasonable layering angle， and then the acoustic radiation peak number and the radiation acoustic power are reduced. The acoustic radiation peaks can be suppressed by adding the core damping layer， which is beneficial to improve the low frequency acoustic radiation performance of the laminate.

Key words：

composite material; laminate; acoustic radiation; coupling; layering angle; optimization

0 引 言

復合材料板壳结构具有比强度高、阻尼性能好和可设计性强等优点，在保证结构强度的同时可以有效减少振动和噪声，改善声隐身性能，因此在飞机、舰船、潜艇等结构设计中越来越受到重视。[1]随着传播距离增加，高频信号迅速衰减，不易被远程设备探测，因此世界各国十分重视低频探测技术的研究，迫切需要控制和降低低频辐射噪声。分析复合材料主要参数对结构声辐射的影响，利用优化算法降低复合材料低频声辐射，对现代舰船复合材料的应用具有重要意义。

板壳结构应用广泛，针对板壳结构的振动和声辐射特性，相关专家已进行大量研究。……