刘闯 龚理 张伟雄 钟锦城 张荣京

摘  要：通过野外样方调查，对广东陆河南万红锥林群落野生维管植物进行了区系和群落物种多样性分析。结果表明：共统计维管植物58科88属122种，其中种子植物属和种的区系成分均以热带成分为主。在群落各层植物种类组成中，乔木层有40种，占该群落总种数的32.79%;灌木层有76种，占总种数的62.30%;草本层有48种，占总种数的25.93%。群落外貌常绿，物种丰富度指数表现为：整个群落>灌木层>草本层>乔木层，Shannon-Wiener指数以及Pielou均匀度指数表现为：乔木层>灌木层，自然更新良好，处于稳定增长阶段。陆河南万红锥林群落的物种多样性指数低于广西容县红锥林，高于福建华安红锥群落和广西玉林人工红锥林，且与同样为次生群落的广西容县红锥林最为接近。

关键词：红锥;物种多样性;群落特征;区系组成;陆河

中图分类号：Q948      文献标识码：A

Abstract： The flora and community species diversity of vascular plants of Castanopsis hystrix forest in Luhe were stu-died based on field work. A total of 122 vascular species， blonging to 58 families and 88 genera， were recorded. At the genera level and species level， the tropical elements were dominant. There were 40 species in the arbor layer， 76 species in the shrub layer and 48 species in the herb layer， accounting for 32.79%， 62.30% and 25.93% of the total sequencely. The species richness pattern of every layers of the community displayed： whole community>shrub layer>herb layer> arbor layer， the Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index displayed ： arbor layer>shrub layer. The community updated naturally well. The communities presented a succession trend of steady growth. The species diversity index of C. hystrix community in Luhe was lower than that in Rongxian of Guangxi， higher than that in Huaan of Fujian and the artificial C. hystrix forest in Yulin of Guangxi， and most similar to that in Rongxian， which was also a secondary com-munity.

Keywords： Castanopsis hystrix; species diversity; community characteristics; floristic composition; Luhe

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.05.040

红锥（Castanopsis hystrix）属壳斗科栲属乔木，是华南地区重要的乡土阔叶用材树种[1]，种子富含淀粉，种质资源极富开发价值[2]。红锥分布于长江以南地区，并主要分布于广东、广西和福建地区，在广东则主要集中在陆河、高州、信宜和始兴等地[3]。红锥生性粗放，繁殖力强，生长迅速，常生于中、低海拔的山地常绿阔叶林中，有时形成纯林，有些地区会对以红锥为主的次生林进行人工改造，保留红锥而疏伐其他树种，从而更容易形成红锥林[4]。

红锥林具有很高的生态效益与科研价值，但相关研究很少，多集中在群落分布与特征[5-7]、遗传育种等方面[8-10]。汕尾市陆河县南万……