赵方方 张月 乐渊 韩丙军

摘  要：建立了氟唑菌酰羟胺和苯醚甲环唑在香蕉全果和果肉中的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法，在云南进行了规范残留试验，研究了氟唑菌酰羟胺和苯醚甲环唑在香蕉上的残留消解行为并进行了长期膳食暴露风险评估。结果表明：在0.01～1 mg/kg添加范围内，氟唑菌酰羟胺和苯醚甲环唑在香蕉全果和果肉中的平均回收率分别为75%～115%和78%～106%，相对标准偏差分别为1.0%～5.0%和1.0%～5.3%，方法最低检出浓度均为0.01 mg/kg。氟唑菌酰羟胺和苯醚甲环唑在云南香蕉中的半衰期分别为16.9、20.4 d。施药后21、28、35 d收获的香蕉中，氟唑菌酰羟胺残留量均低于0.01 mg/kg，苯醚甲环唑在香蕉中的最高残留量为0.048 mg/kg。风险评估结果表明，香蕉中氟唑菌酰羟胺和苯醚甲环唑残留长期膳食摄入风险较低，处于安全水平。该方法准确度高，灵敏度高，线性良好;残留消解试验及膳食风险评估为氟唑菌酰羟胺和苯醚甲环唑在香蕉上的合理安全使用提供科学依据。

关键词：氟唑菌酰羟胺;苯醚甲环唑;香蕉;残留;膳食风险评估

中图分类号：S481+.8      文献标识码：A

Abstract： The method for the determination of pydiflumetofen and difenoconazole residues in banana fruit and flesh was established. The upervised residue trial was carried out in Yunnan. The residual digestion behavior and dietary in-take risk in banana were analyzed. Average recoveries of pydiflumetofen and difenoconazole in banana fruit and flesh were found in the range of 75%-115% and 78%-106% at the three spiking levels from 0.01 to 1 mg/kg with relative standard deviations of 1.0%-5.0% and 1.0%-5.3%. The limit of quantification （LOQ） of instrument for pydiflumetofen and difenoconazole was 0.01 mg/kg. The results demonstrated that the half-life of pydiflumetofen and difenoconazole for banana was 16.9 d and 20.4 d in Yunnan， respectively. The residue of pydiflumetofen was <0.01 mg/kg and the maximum residue of difenoconazole in banana was 0.048 mg/kg sprayed after 21， 28， 35 d. Risk assessments indicated that the long-term dietary intake risk of pydiflumetofen and difenoconazole in banana was low and at a safe level. The method shows high accuracy， high sensitivity and good linearity. The experiments would provide scientific basis for evaluating the safety and rationality of using pydiflumetofen and difenoconazole in banana.

Keywords： pydiflumetofen; difenoconazole; banana; residue; dietary risk assessment

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.05.034

香蕉是我国重要的经济作物，也是全球销量最大的水果之一[1]。氟唑菌酰羟胺（pydiflumetofen）与苯醚甲环唑（difenoconazole）混用可用于防治香蕉叶斑病。氟唑菌酰羟胺是由先正达公司最新研发的新型吡唑酰胺类杀菌剂，其结构新颖、杀菌广谱，适用于多种作物上防治赤霉病、灰霉病、叶斑病等在内的多种病害[2-3]。苯醚甲环唑是一种三唑类杀菌剂[4-5]，具有杀菌范围广、内吸性强等特点，现已广泛应用于蔬菜、豆类、水果等作物上的真菌防治，且具有较好的防治效果[6-7]。……