宋菲 陈开健 唐敏敏 陈华 李永东

摘  要：为了研究槟榔多酚提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的影响，以75%乙醇为提取溶剂，利用超声波辅助法提取槟榔多酚（槟榔籽和槟榔壳多酚），采用S-8大孔树脂对粗提物进行纯化，探讨纯化前后的槟榔多酚提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用，通过动力学实验判断对酶活性的抑制类型，同时对添加不同浓度槟榔多酚提取物的α-葡萄糖苷酶的荧光光谱和同步荧光光谱进行分析。结果表明：槟榔籽多酚提取物纯化前后的IC50分别为（0.34±0.12）、（0.33±0.10） μg/mL，槟榔壳多酚提取物纯化前后的IC50分别为（1.73±0.31）、（0.14±0.09）mg/mL，纯化后的槟榔壳多酚提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用显著增强。动力学实验表明，槟榔多酚提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用类型为竞争性与非竞争性的混合型抑制。荧光光谱和同步荧光光谱分析结果显示，槟榔多酚提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶内源性荧光具有淬灭作用，但对酶的构象没有影响。槟榔籽和槟榔壳多酚提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用均较强，可为天然α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的开发提供参考。

关键词：槟榔多酚;纯化;α-葡萄糖苷酶;活性抑制;动力学;荧光淬灭

中图分类号：S792.91      文献标识码：A

Abstract： Areca seed and areca shell polyphenols were extracted using the ultrasonic assisted method with 75% ethanol as extraction solvent and purified by S-8 macropore resin. The inhibitory effect of polyphenol extracts from areca nut on α-glucosidase activity before and after purification was studied. The inhibitory type on α-glucosidase activity was determined by kinetic experiments， and the fluorescence spectrum and synchronous fluorescence spectrum of α-glucosidase with different concentrations of areca nut polyphenol extracts were analyzed. The results showed that the IC50 of areca seed polyphenol extracts before and after purification was （0.34±0.12） and （0.33±0.10）μg/mL， respectively， and the IC50 of areca shell polyphenol extracts before and after purification was （1.73±0.31） and （0.14±0.09）mg/mL， respectively， indicating that the inhibition on α-glucosidase activity was enhanced after purification of areca shell polyphenol extracts. Kinetic experiments showed that the inhibition of areca nut polyphenol extracts on α-glucosidase activity belonged to the mixed type of competition and non-competition. The fluorescence spectrum and synchronous fluorescence spectrum analysis showed that areca nut polyphenol extracts had quenching effect on the endogenous fluorescence of α-glucosidase， but had no effect on the conformation of α-glucosidase. In conclusion， areca seed and areca shell polyphenol extracts have good inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity， which could provide reference for the development of natural inhibitors of α-glucosidase.

Keywords： areca nut polyphenols; purification; α-glucosidase; activity inhibition; kinetics; fluorescence quenching

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.05.035

檳榔（Areca catechu L.）系棕榈科（Palmae）热带作物，属多年生常绿乔木，主要分布在中非和东南亚。我国海南、台湾栽培较多，广西、云南、福建等地也有栽培。槟榔作为海南省的主要特色经济作物，种植面积约有15.58万hm2，据统计其初加工产值约有287.3亿元，是海南省230 万农民的主要经济来源[1]。……