陈迪文 周文灵 敖俊华 黄振瑞 鲍时翔 邹潇潇 沈宏

摘  要：为研究叶面喷施海藻提取物对干旱胁迫下甘蔗叶片生理参数及植株形态指标的影响，以‘YT159和‘ROC22两个品种甘蔗为试验材料，采用盆栽方法，设置正常灌溉组（C）和干旱胁迫组（D），分别通过喷施不同用量（SE1、SE2）海藻提取物，测量分析植株形态指标株高、茎径、植株鲜重以及叶片生理参数，包括水分参数、抗氧化酶活性等。结果表明：正常灌溉组喷施海藻提取物的处理（C+SE1、C+SE2）甘蔗叶片生理参数以及形态指标与不施用海藻提取物处理相比差异不显著。干旱胁迫组喷施海藻提取物（D+SE1、D+SE2）与不喷施海藻提取物的C相比，叶片脱水速率、电导率、脯氨酸含量显著降低，叶片超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性、相对含水量、植株鲜重显著增加，同时抗旱系数显著提高，2个品种中‘YT159提高幅度较大，‘ROC22提高幅度相对较小。因此，叶面喷施海藻提取物能显著改善干旱胁迫下甘蔗叶片生理参数和植株形态指标，提高植株鲜重，从而缓解干旱胁迫对甘蔗造成的伤害，提高甘蔗抗旱能力。

关键词：海藻提取物;甘蔗;干旱胁迫;叶面喷施;生理特性

中图分类号：S566.1      文献标识码：A

Abstract： The effect of foliar application with seaweed extract （SE） on the physiological parameters of sugarcane leaves and plant morphological indexes under drought stress were studied to improve the drought resistance of sugarcane. Two sugarcane varieties ‘YT159 and ‘ROC22 were used as the test materials. Pot culture was used to foliar application of seaweed extract in different dosages “SE1” and “SE2” under conventional irrigation conditions “C” and drought stress conditions “D”， respectively. Plant morphological indexes including plant height， stem diameter， fresh weight， and leaf physiological parameters including water parameters and antioxidant enzyme activity were measured. The results showed that the physiological parameters in sugarcane leaves and morphological indexes treated with seaweed extract （C+SE1， C+SE2） were not significantly different from those in the C treatment. Under drought stress （D+SE1， D+SE2）， the seaweed extract application significantly reduced the leaf dehydration rate， electrical conductivity， proline content， relative water content and fresh plant weight. Besides， drought resistance coefficient was significantly improved， and ‘YT159 performed better than ‘ROC22. Therefore， the foliar application with seaweed extract under drought stress could significantly improve the physiological parameters of sugarcane leaves and plant morphological indicators， and increase the fresh plant weight， so as to alleviate the damage of drought stress to sugarcane and improve the drought resistance ability of sugarcane.

Keywords： seaweed extract; sugarcane; drought stress; foliar application; physiological characteristic

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.05.021

甘蔗是全球和我國最重要的糖料作物，也是重要的可再生能源作物。随着全球气候变化加剧，干旱在全球包括我国甘蔗主产区常年发生，对甘蔗农业生产和制糖产业均产生严重影响[1]。如何有效提高甘蔗抗旱性已成为甘蔗研究领域的重要课题。目前，国内外研究……