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‘六月早’蜜柚叶绿体基因组及其特征分析

2021-07-20徐世荣陈燕琼潘东明潘鹤立

热带作物学报 2021年5期

徐世荣 陈燕琼 潘东明 潘鹤立

摘  要:‘六月早蜜柚(Citrus maxima ‘Liuyuezao)为国内重要的柚品种琯溪蜜柚早熟芽变品种。以‘六月早蜜柚为材料,利用二代测序进行全基因组重测序,从中组装获取叶绿体基因组并对其进行注释。结果表明:组装获得的‘六月早蜜柚的叶绿体基因组全长160 186 bp,四分体结构由大单拷贝区(large single copy, LSC)、小单拷贝区(small single copy, SSC)和反向重复区(inverted repeat, IR)组成,3个分区的长度分别为87 939、18 395、26 926 bp。注释得到133个基因,其中包含89个编码基因,37个tRNA和8个rRNA。共识别到31个短串联重复序列,101个SSR位点。将已公开发表的29个芸香科叶绿体基因组使用最大似然法进行系统发育关系的构建,结果表明,‘六月早蜜柚与甜橙(C. sinensis)、柠檬(C. limon)和C. platymamma的亲缘关系较近。

关键词:琯溪蜜柚;叶绿体基因组;SSR;系统发育

中图分类号:S961.6      文献标识码:A

Abstract: Citrus maxima ‘Liuyuezao is a precocious bud mutation of Guanximiyou, an important pomelo variety of China. In this study, the whole genome resequencing of C. maxima ‘Liuyuezao was conducted using next-generation sequencing. The chloroplast (cp) genome was assembled and annotated. The cp genome had a total length of 160 186 bp, the tetrad structed was consisted with large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC) and inverted repeat (IR), with the length in 87 939 bp, 18 395 bp and 26 926 bp respectively. The cp genome contained a total of 133 genes, including 89 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and 8 tRNA genes. We identified 31 tandem repeat and 101 SSRs. Combined with 29 published cp genome sequences of Rutaceae, we used the maximum likelihood method to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship of Rutaceae. The result showed that C. maxima ‘Liuyuezao had a close relationship with C. sinensis, C. limon and C. platymamma.

Keywords: Guanximiyou; chloroplast genome; SSR; phylogeny

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.05.004

叶绿体在维持地球生命中起着至关重要的作用,通过光合作用和氧气再释放将太阳能转化为碳水化合物。叶绿体基因组编码许多参与光合作用和其他代谢过程的关键蛋白质[1]。在被子植物中,叶绿体为母系遗传,且具有结构稳定、序列高度保守和遗传重组率低等特点,被广泛应用于重建系统发育关系,揭示物种内部和物种之间的巨大差异[2–4]。对叶绿体基因组数据的了解可提高我们对植物生物学和多样性的认识。

柚[Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.]是我国特产果树,为芸香科(Rutaceae)柑橘属(Citrus)常绿乔木果树,而柑橘属水果是世界上种植最广泛的水果之一,与苹果、葡萄、香蕉并称为世界四大水果。柚作为一个古老的品种,在历史的繁衍进化过程中通过自身芽变或者与其它柑橘杂交产生了许多果实大小和酸度不同的新品种,如葡萄柚、酸橙等,极大的丰富了柑橘家族[5]。……

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