王晓玲 吴婷 唐书升 李霞 王智权 肖宇龙 余传源

摘  要：北粳南移在江西省已推行11年，為进一步明确适合江西晚粳常规稻的稻瘟病抗性情况及粳渗籼骨干亲本的选择，本研究利用Pi37/Pi35/Pish、Pi5、Pi2、Pi9、Pia、Pi23、Pigm、Pi33/Pi42、Pi56、Pik/kg（t）/ks/kp/km/kh/43、Pikh共11个抗瘟基因的标记结合井冈山抗性谱的鉴定，对28份骨干粳稻和54份骨干籼稻进行分子标记与抗性分析。结果表明，粳稻中有1份携带其中的7个抗性基因，有5份携带6个抗性基因，有7份携带5个抗性基因，有12份携带4个抗性基因，有3份携带3个抗性基因，抗性频率最高的Pia为0.786，其次为Pikh和Pi9，频率均为0.643，Pigm和Pi37/Pish在这批粳稻材料中的抗性频率为0;籼稻中有8份携带其中的7个抗性基因，有10份携带6个抗性基因，有13份携带5个抗性基因，有17份携带4个抗性基因，有4份携带3个抗性基因，有2份携带2个抗性基因，抗性频率最高的Pi9为0.981，其次Pik/Pikh/Piks频率为0.833，Pigm、Pi37/Pish、Pikh、Pia、Pi5、Pi2、Pi23和Pi33/Pi42的频率分别为0.556、0.537、0.519、0.389、0.352、0.315、0.167和0.111，Pi56在这批籼稻材料中的抗性频率为0。明确这些材料抗瘟基因的分布，将为广谱持久抗性籼粳材料创制骨干亲本的选择与配组指明了方向。

关键词：水稻;稻瘟病;骨干亲本;分子标记

中图分类号：S511      文献标识码：A

Abstract： Japonica rice in Jiangxi， China has been planted for 11 years recently. In order to further elucidate the blast resistance of Jiangxi late japonica conventional rice， and select main parents for indica infiltrating japonica rice， 28 main japonica and 54 main indica parents were evaluated in Jinggangshan， Jiangxi with blast resistance gene markers Pi37/Pi35/Pish， Pi5， Pi2， Pi9， Pia， Pi23， Pigm， Pi33/Pi42， Pi56， piks/kg（t）/ks/KP/km/kh/43 and Pikh. Among the 28 japonica rice parents， one contained seven of the eleven resistance genes， five contained six resistance genes， seven contained five resistance genes， twelve carried four resistance genes， and three carried three resistance genes. The dis-tribution frequency of Pia was as high as 78.6%， followed by Pikh and Pi9 with frequency 0.643， but the resistance frequency of Pigm and Pi37/Pish in japonica varieties was 0. In 54 indica rice parents， eight carried seven resistance genes， ten carried six resistance genes， 13 carried five resistance genes， 17 carried four resistance genes， four contained three resistance genes， and two contained two resistance genes. The highest resistance frequency 0.981， was observed in Pi9， followed by Pik/Pikh/Piks， 0.833. The frequency of Pigm， Pi37/Pish， Pikh， Pia， Pi5， Pi2， Pi23 and Pi33/Pi42 was 0.556， 0.537， 0.519， 0.389， 0.352， 0.315， 0.167 and 0.111， respectively. The resistance frequency of Pi56 in indica rice was 0. Identifying the distribution of resistance genes in these materials would indicate the direction for creating indi-ca-japonica materials and selecting main parents for reconstituting broad-spectrum and persistent resistance genes.

Keywords： rice; blast; main parents; molecular markers

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.05.001

水稻是我国主要的粮食作物，稻瘟病（rice blast）是水稻的三大病害之一，一般可造成水稻减产10%～20%，严重时可导致绝收。稻瘟病菌生理小种的变异快，水稻品种的抗性一般仅能维持3～5年[1]。因此，可以说稻瘟病的抗性关系到水稻的高产、稳产甚至是粮食的安全，水稻稻瘟病的防治至关重要[2-4]。

通过常规杂交、回交将水稻的抗性基因转移到骨干水稻亲本中是……