杨云霜 杜磊 赵雪

摘要 目的：明确补肾解毒方对电离辐射致小鼠重要脏器病理形态损伤的保护作用。方法：60只小鼠，随机分成空白对照组、辐射模型组、中药干预组，中药干预组每天给予补肾解毒方灌胃0.2 mL。其他2组给予等容积生理盐水灌胃，3组均连续灌胃10 d，第11天除空白对照组外，辐射模型组、中药干预组给予一次性5 Gy 60Coγ-射线照射，继续灌胃14 d，辐射后第14天取材，观察小鼠肺、肝脏、脾、空肠的病理形态学改变。结果：电离辐射后14 d，辐射模型组小鼠肺充血，大量炎症细胞浸润;肝窦消失，肝细胞变性、坏死;脾红髓、白髓界限不清;空肠绒毛变短、断裂;而中药干预组小鼠肺、肝、脾、空肠组织结构破坏较轻，更接近空白对照组小鼠。结论：补肾解毒方有较好的防止电离辐射损伤，保护重要脏器的作用。

关键词 补肾解毒方;电离辐射;肺脏组织;肝脏组织;脾脏组织;空肠组织;病理形态;放射性损伤

Abstract Objective：To determine the protective effect of Bushen Jiedu Formula on pathologically damaged vital organs in mice induced by ionizing radiation.Methods：A total of 60 mice were randomly divided into a blank control group，a radiation model group and a traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）intervention group.The TCM intervention group was given 0.2 mL of Bushen Jiedu Formula by gavage every day and the other 2 groups were given equal volume normal saline for gavage.All groups were given continuous gavage for 10 d.On 11 d，except the blank control group，the radiation model group and the TCM intervention group were given one-time 5 Gy 60Coγ-da-ray irradiation，and then the gavage was continued for 14 d.After 14 d，the samples were obtained，whose pathologically morphological changes in lungs，livers，spleens，and jejunum.Results：A total of 14 days after ionizing radiation，the mice in the radiation model group had lung congestion and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration.The hepatic sinus disappeared，and the hepatocytes were denatuated and necrotic.The boundary between red pulp and white pulp is unclear; Jejunum villi become shorter and broken; however，the tissue structure of lung，liver，spleen and jejunum of mice in the TCM intervention group was less damaged，which was closer to that of mice in the blank control group.Conclusion：Bushen Jiedu Formula can prevent ionizing radiation damage and protect important organs.

Keywords Bushen Jiedu Formula; Lonizing radiation; Lung tissue; Liver tissue; Spleen tissue; Jejunal tissue; Pathological morphology; Radiation damage

中圖分类号：R285.5;R289.5文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.07.014

随着国内社会经济的迅猛发展，当今核能及放射性核素被广泛应用于能源、医疗各领域，如核能发电、清洁能源的开发、示踪检测、辐射治疗等，极大促进了国民经济的发展，人类在享受核技术带来社会进步福利的同时，伴随的辐射损害不容忽视。本团队在前期动物实验研究发现，高剂量电离辐射可引发小鼠食欲减退，毛色晦暗，毛发片状脱落，体质量下降，精神萎靡[1]，大便稀溏，抵抗力下降等现象，甚至死亡;解剖小鼠尸体，肉眼可见部分小鼠肺脏局部瘀血或水肿，脾脏萎缩或有瘀血、脾脏指数明显低于正常对照组，有的小鼠肝表面出现白色结节、肝肿大、腹水、胃肠胀气[2]，采用补肾解毒方干预的小鼠一般情况及脏器损伤程度较辐射模型组轻。……