吴廷娟 杜权 谢小龙

摘要 [目的]通过研究不同地黄品种根际土壤真菌的群落结构，以明确不同地黄品种的根际土壤中真菌的群落结构和组成是否具有差异，为优选抗病性地黄品种提供数据支撑。[方法]通过采用传统的平板培养和分离方法，将噸王、北京3号、沁怀、金九、金状元、狮子头6个地黄品种土壤中的真菌先进行纯培养分离、鉴定和计数，然后提取初步分离得到的真菌菌株的DNA，采用基于ITS序列的一代测序技术，通过ITS序列扩增、测序比对，进一步鉴定真菌的种类，并进行聚类分析，分析真菌的群落结构及多样性。[结果]从6个地黄品种的根际土壤中共分离出34株真菌，分别通过形态、显微鉴定以及序列分析，最终归属于13属27种，主要属于青霉属、毛霉属、曲霉属、根霉属、酵母属、枝孢属、链格孢属等。其中沁怀中分离出来的真菌属于4属，狮子头3属，金九3属，金状元4属，吨王和北京3号均为5属。[结论]不同地黄品种根际土壤中真菌的群落结构具有一定差异，地黄根系对其根际土壤中的真菌数量、组成和种类具有一定的塑造性。

关键词 群落结构;真菌;地黄;根际土壤;土壤微生物

中图分类号 S-154.3  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）11-0159-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.11.044

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Study on Fungal Community Structure of Rhizosphere Soil of Different Rehmannia glutinosa Species

WU Ting-juan，DU Quan，XIE Xiao-long

（Henan University of Chinese Medicine， Zhengzhou， Henan 450046）

Abstract [Objective]To study the differences in community structure and diversity of rhizosphere soil fungi in different Rehmannia glutinosa cultivars， and to determine whether there was a difference in the community structure and composition of fungi in different rhizosphere soils， and to provide a theoretical basis for revealing the formation mechanism of Rehmannia glutinosa continuous cropping obstacles.[Method]By adopting traditional plate culture and isolation methods， the fungi in the soils of six Rehmannia glutinosa cultivars of Dunwang， Beijing No. 3， Qinhuai， Jinjiu， Jinzhuangyuan and Shizitou were firstly purely cultured and separated by colony morphology. The observation and microscopic identification techniques were used for preliminary classification and enumeration; then the DNA of the initially isolated fungal strains was extracted， and the ITS sequence-based sequencing technology was used to further identify the fungal species by ITS sequence amplification and sequencing alignment. And carry out cluster analysis to analyze the community structure and diversity of fungi.[Result]A total of 34 fungi were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of 6 rehmannia cultivars. The morphological， microscopic identification and sequencing results were finally attributed to 27 genera and 13 species， mainly Penicillium， Mucor， Aspergillus and Root. Mildew， Saccharomyces， Cladosporium， Alternaria and the like. Among them， the fungi isolated from Qinhuai belonged to 4 genera， 3 heads of Shizitou， 3 genera of Jinjiu， 4 genera of Jinzhuangyuan， and 5 genera of Dunwang and Beijing No.3. [Conclusion] The community structure of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of different Rehmannia glutinosa varieties has certain differences， and the root system of Rehmannia glutinosa has a certain shaping of the number， composition and types of fungi in the rhizosphere soil.

Key words Community structure;Fungal;Rehmannia glutinosa;Rhizosphere soil;Soil microbe

根际土壤微生物是植物和土壤之间联系的关键媒介，其对植物的生长发育起着关键的作用。植物根系通过向土壤中分泌一些物质来改变土壤理化环境，进而决定根际微生物的种类、数量和组成，从而导致土壤微生物群落发生改变。……