闵文武 黄福江 王伟

摘要 [目的]研究赤水河流域浮游動物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系。[方法]于2018年9月对赤水河流域11个采样断面进行浮游动物采集和水环境因子测定。[结果]赤水河部分断面TN超标。赤水河共有浮游动物52种，轮虫种类最多（33种），原生动物11种，桡足类6种，枝角类最少（3种）。浮游动物优势种共7种，褐砂壳虫（Difflugia avellana）优势度指数最高，为0.204，枝角类不构成优势种。浮游动物密度、生物量、Margalef丰富度指数、Pielou′s均匀度指数和Shannon Wiener多样性指数平均值分别为34.61 个/L、27.11 μg/L、4.56、0.82和2.13。浮游动物群落结构空间差异显著。冗余分析结果显示，TN和SS是影响赤水河浮游动物群落结构的主要环境因子。[结论]该研究为赤水河流域健康管理提供数据补充。

关键词 浮游动物;群落结构;水环境因子;秋季;赤水河

中图分类号 Q-958.8  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）11-0075-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.11.020

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Community Structure of Zooplankton in Chishui River in Autumn and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors

MIN Wen-wu1，2，3，HUANG Fu-jiang2，3，WANG Wei2，3

（1.Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Protection and Mountain Agriculture Development in Chishui River Basin，Zunyi Normal University，Zunyi，Guizhou 563006;2.Guizhou Fisheries Research Institute，Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Guiyang，Guizhou 550025;3.Guizhou Special Aquatic Products Engineering Technology Center，Guiyang，Guizhou 550025）

Abstract [Objective]To study the community structure of zooplankton in Chishui River Basin and its relationship with environmental factors.[Method]In September 2018，the zooplankton collection and the determination of water environmental factors were carried out on 11 sampling sections of the Chishui River Basin.[Result]The concentration of TN exceeded the standard part of sections in Chishui River Basin.A total of 52 species of zooplankton were identified in the study area，most of them were rotiferas（33 species）having the highest abundance，of which 11 species as protozoa，6 species as copepoda，and only 3 of them as cladocera.7 dominant species were determined in Autumn，the most dominant species in protozoa was Difflugia avellana（Y=0.204），cladocera do not constitute a dominant species.The average values of zooplankton density，biomass，Margalef richness index，Pielou's evenness index and Shannon Wiener diversity index were 34.61 ind/L，27.11 μg/L，4.56，0.82 and 2.13，respectively.There were significant spatial differences of zooplankton community structure in Chishui River Basin.The redundancy analysis showed that the most critical environmental factors affecting zooplankton community structure were total nitrogen and conductivity in autumn of Chishui River Basin.[Conclusion]The research provided data supplement for the health management of the Chishui River Basin.

Key words Zooplankton;Community structure;Water environmental factors;Autumn;Chishui River

赤水河是长江上游较为重要的一级支流，也是长江上游区域唯一没有筑坝且保持自然流态的支流，是长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区的重要组成部分，在长江上游珍稀特有鱼类等水生生物保护方面发挥至关重要的作用[1]，开展赤水河水生态健康与环境科学的研究具有重要意义。近年来，许多学者对赤水河流域的鱼类[2-4]、底栖生物[5-6]、细菌[7-8]和浮游生物[9]等开展了研究，为摸清赤水河流域鱼类资源与生态环境现状奠定了基础，也为保护和管理赤水河流域提供科学技术支持与数据支撑。

浮游动物广泛分布于各类水体中，是水生生物群落的主要组成部分[10]。……