曾智 孔悦 郭砚

[摘要]目的：探讨水母雪莲（Saussurea Medusa Maxim）多糖对中波紫外线（Ultraviolet B，UVB）诱导的小鼠皮肤损伤保护作用的机制研究，奠定其临床应用理论基础。方法：30只昆明种雄性小鼠随机分为正常组、UVB组、UVB+水母雪莲组三组。UVB组和UVB+水母雪莲组皮下注射5% D-半乳糖10ml/（kg·d），同时每日UVB照射，持续造模40d;正常组正常光照饲养，每日皮下注射同体积生理盐水。第11天开始，UVB+水母雪莲组每日按剂量4g/（kg·d）灌胃水母雪莲多糖，正常组、UVB组则每日灌胃等体积的生理盐水。连续用药30d后观察小鼠皮肤组织形态学变化，测定皮肤含水量，检测水通道蛋白3（AQP3）通路中表皮生长因子受体（EGFR），細胞外调节蛋白激酶（ERK），AQP3的表达。结果：光镜下可见UVB+水母雪莲组较UVB组表皮层变薄，真皮层增厚，纤维组织增多，排列紧密有序。UVB组EGFR和ERK的表达量高于正常组，AQP3表达量低于正常组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。UVB+水母雪莲组EGFR和ERK的表达量低于UVB组，AQP3表达量高于UVB组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：水母雪莲多糖能通过AQP3通路来减轻UVB导致的小鼠皮肤损伤。

[关键词]水母雪莲;皮肤光老化;水通道蛋白;胶原纤维;中波紫外线

[中图分类号]R339.3+8    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）04-0102-04

The Protective Effect of Saussurea Medusa Maxim Polysaccharide on UVB Induced Skin Injury in Mice

ZENG Zhi1，KONG Yue1，GUO Yan2

（1.Graduate School of Qinghai University，Qinghai 810000，Xining，China;2.Department of Medical Cosmetology，Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University，Qinghai 810000，Xining，China）

Abstract： Objective  To investigate the protective effect of Saussurea medusa Maxim polysaccharide on UVB induced skin injury in mice， and to lay the theoretical foundation for its clinical application. Methods  Thirty Kunming male mice were randomly divided into three groups， the normal group， the UVB group and the UVB+ Saussurea medusa group. Mice in the UVB group and the UVB+Saussurea medusa group were injected with 5% D-galactose 10ml/（kg?d）subcutaneously and subjected to UVB irradiation for 40d continuously. Mice in the normal group as fed under normal light and was subcutaneously injected with normal saline of the same volume every day. Starting from the 11th day of modeling， mice in the UVB+ Saussurea medusa group was gavaged with a dose of 4g/（kg?d）， mice in the normal group and the UVB group were gavaged with normal saline of the same volume daily respectively. After 30 days， skin histomorphological variation were observed， skin moisture content was measured， and expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， extracellular regulatory protein kinase （ERK）， and aquaporin 3 （AQP3） in AQP3 pathway were detected. Results  Under light microscope， compared with the UVB group， the epidermis of the UVB+Saussurea medusa group was thinner， the dermis was thicker， and the fibrous tissue was more densely arranged and orderly. The expression of EGFR and ERK in the UVB group were higher than those in the normal group， and the expression of AQP3 was lower than that in the normal group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The expression of EGFR and ERK in the UVB+ Saussurea medusa group were lower than those in the UVB group， and the expression levels of AQP3 was higher than that in the UVB group （P<0.05）. Conclusion  The polysaccharide of Saussurea medusa Maxim can alleviate the skin injury of mice caused by UVB through AQP3 pathway.

Key words： Saussurea Medusa Maxim; skin photoaging; aquaporin; collagenous fiber; UVB

皮肤的光损伤主要是由中波紫外线（UVB）造成的[1-2]。UVB可使皮肤变得干燥、缺水，从而损害角质层功能，表现为皮肤粗糙、松弛、质地变硬、皱纹形成和伤口延迟愈合[3]。一旦没有及时防范与治疗，甚至发展为光化性角化病，最终导致皮肤鳞状细胞癌[4]。

水母雪莲是一种高原草本植物，为我国中藏药中的稀有珍贵药材。水母雪莲中含有丰富的黄酮、木素、多糖等成分，具有优秀的抗氧化能力，广泛应用到抗炎、抗诱变和抗癌的治疗中[5]。研究证实水母雪莲（Saussurea Medusa Maxim）多糖能够明显恢复UVB辐射后人永生化表皮细胞（Hacat）形态[6]。……