葛欣

[关键词] 胸部X线;CT;小儿肺炎支原體肺炎;准确率;可见症状

[中图分类号] R725.6          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）14-0127-04

Comparison of clinical effectiveness of chest X-ray and CT in diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia in children

GE Xin

Department of Radiology， Jiamusi Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Heilongjiang Province， Jiamusi   154002， China

[Abstract] Objective To compare the clinical effectiveness of chest X-ray and CT in the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia in children. Methods A total of 70 children with mycoplasma pneumonia who were admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2020 were selected as subjects. Chest X-ray and CT examination were conducted in order to observe and compare the accuracy of the two examination methods，as well as the visible symptoms. Results The accuracy rate of CT examination was 97.14%，which was higher than that of 78.57% of chest X-ray examination，with significant difference（P<0.05）. The sensitivity of CT examination was 97.22%， which was higher than that of 69.44% of chest X-ray examination，with significant difference（P<0.05）. The visibility of symptoms，such as pulmonary hilar lymph node enlargement， pleural effusion， pulmonary texture thickening， pulmonary consolidation， pulmonary alveolitis， and interstitial pneumonia in CT examination were significantly higher than those in chest X-ray， and there were significant differences between the two groups（P<0.05）. Conclusion Compared with chest X-ray examination， CT examination has a higher accuracy in the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia in children，and can improve the visibility rate of pulmonary symptoms，which has clinical application value.

[Key words] Chest X-ray; CT; Mycoplasma pneumonia in children; Accuracy rate; Visible symptoms

小儿肺炎支原体肺炎是一种儿科常见的呼吸道疾病，一年四季任何时间均可发病，在患儿疾病发展的过程中，往往合并其他病症[1]。小儿肺炎支原体肺炎临床表现主要为咳嗽、呼吸粗重、发热等，对患儿的身体健康造成严重危害。发病初期，患儿的症状和体征通常不明显，增加临床早期诊断的难度，引发重度儿童肺炎的重要因素之一为支原体感染。如果不及时治疗，损害其他组织系统和身体器官。及早确诊疾病，可有效提升患儿的预后，获得良好的治疗效果[2]。小儿肺炎支原体肺炎与反复性咳嗽有相似的临床表现，包括咳痰、发热、咳嗽等。小儿肺炎支原体肺炎传统主要使用X线进行诊断，患者的依从性较差，诊断准确性不高，容易出现误诊、漏诊等问题，影响后期治疗方案，延误最佳的治疗时机[3]。本研究旨在比较胸部X线与CT诊断小儿肺炎支原体肺炎的临床有效性，为小儿肺炎支原体肺炎选取安全有效的诊断方式，特选取我院70例患儿进行研究，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2017年1月至2020年1月我院收治的70例小儿肺炎支原体肺炎患儿。纳入标准[4]：①所有患儿经病理检查确诊为小儿肺炎支原体肺炎;②临床表现包括胸闷、发热、咳嗽等;③患儿家属明确研究目的，签署知情同意书。排除标准[5]：①严重心、肝、肾等功能障碍者;②呼吸道感染者;③合并哮喘者;④支气管炎者;⑤合并全身免疫性疾病者。……