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大件垃圾资源化与减量化管理的定价决策研究

2021-07-11赵曼曼

智能计算机与应用 2021年1期

赵曼曼

摘 要:针对大件垃圾的资源化与减量化处理问题,以制造商和回收商组成的绿色闭环供应链为研究对象,构建了集中和分散决策定价模型并对2种模型进行对比分析,通过理论证明和数值仿真验证模型的有效性。结果表明:随着消费者绿色偏好系数的增加,2种决策模式下的绿色闭环供应链各个最优决策变量均增加。在集中决策模式下,大件产品的绿色度、需求量、供应链总利润要优于分散决策模式下,且回收率明显高于后者,而销售价格低于分散决策模型。

关键词: 大件垃圾;绿色闭环供应链;绿色度;回收率;定价决策

文章编号: 2095-2163(2021)01-0137-06 中图分类号:TPF274 文献标志码:A

【Abstract】Aiming at the problem of resource recovery and reduction processing of bulky waste, a centralized and decentralized decision pricing model is constructed by taking the green closed-loop supply chain composed of manufacturer and recycler as the research object, and the two models are compared and analyzed. The validity of the model is verified by theoretical proof and numerical simulation. The results show that: all the optimal decision-making variables of the supply chain increase as consumers' green preference coefficient increases. Under the centralized decision-making model, the greenness, demand and total profit of the supply chain of large products are better than those under the decentralized decision-making model, and the recycling rate is significantly higher than the latter, while the price is lower than the latter.

【Key words】bulky waste; green closed-loop supply chain; greenness; recycling rate; pricing decision

0 引 言

随着城市建设的快速发展,居民生活水平的不断提高,城市生活垃圾产生量呈不断上升趋势。据统计,2019年中国的生活垃圾产生量高达1.79亿吨,而在年末仍然有1 700万吨尚待处理,近十年垃圾累积的堆放量已超过5亿多吨。垃圾围城和垃圾的非法倾倒现象频繁发生,都说明了中国、特别是一些发达城市对垃圾的处理能力跟不上垃圾产生增长的速度问题[1]。目前对一般的生活垃圾从垃圾分类到收集处理已经有相对系统的流程和规定,而大件垃圾(主要是指大件的家具、家电、电子产品等)与一般的生活垃圾相比较,则主要由板材、金属、塑料各种五金件等组成,其材料坚固,体积规格重量大,部分家电还有一定的污染性,因此在投放、收集、运输、处理等方面均会带来一定的困扰。……

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