D5染色体系中分散染料取代基与染色热力学、动力学的关系研究
2021-07-09黄镜铭张红娟裴刘军王际平
黄镜铭 张红娟 裴刘军 王际平



摘要: 为了获得D5染色体系中分散染料分子结构与染色性能的关系,文章研究了取代基种类对染料的染色热力学(标准亲和力、焓变和熵变等)、动力学(扩散系数和扩散活化能等)的影响。热力学研究表明,3种染料的吸附模型均符合能斯特吸附模型,随着重氮组分上取代基由氢→氯→氰基的转变,染料在涤纶纤维上的平衡吸附能力、对纤维的亲和力和熵值逐渐增大。动力学研究表明,重氮组分上含氰基基团的分散染料扩散系数最大,半染色时间最短,吸附量最大,对D5染色体系专用分散染料的设计、开发,以及提高染色性能均具有重要意义。
关键词: 涤纶;分散染料;取代基效应;热力学与动力学;D5染色体系;染色性能
中图分类号: TS193.638
文献标志码: A
文章编号: 1001-7003(2021)05-0020-06
引用页码: 051104
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7003.2021.05.004(篇序)
Abstract: To obtain the relationship between molecular structure and dyeing properties of disperse dyes in D5 dyeing system, the effects of substituent varieties on the dyeing thermodynamics(standard affinity, enthalpy and entropy changes) and kinetics(diffusion coefficient and diffusion activation energy) were studied in this paper. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption model of all the three dyes accorded with Nernst adsorption model. With the transformation of substituents on the diazo component from hydrogen, chlorine to cyano group, the equilibrium absorption capability, affinity to fiber, and values of entropy increased gradually. Kinetics studies showed that the disperse dyes with diazo components containing cyano group had the largest diffusion coefficient, the shortest half-dyeing time and the largest adsorption capacity. This study will be of great significance to the design, development, and improvement of dyeing properties of dedicated disperse dyes for D5 dyeing system.
Key words: polyester fibers; disperse dyes; substituent effect; thermodynamics and kinetics; D5 dyeing system; dyeing properties
中国纺织行业在全球举足轻重,2018年中国纺织品出口额达到2 767.3亿美元[1]。化纤纤维特别是涤纶纤维,其生产效益在纺织行业一直保持着较好的增长态势。染色加工技术是提高纺织品附加值的重要环节,但是传统水浴染色耗水量巨大,而且废水中高浓度、多种类化学助剂的化学物严重污染了环境[2-3]。随着近年来国家环保政策的趋严加紧,工业用水、废水处理指标日趋饱和,解决涤纶染色废水问题对中国经济社会发展、降低环境污染、美丽中国具有十分重要的意义。目前,各国在涤纶清洁染色加工技术方面进行了大量的研究和开发,尤其是超临界CO2越来越受到广泛关注[4-5]。……
