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离子液体对柞蚕丝纤维结构及染色增深研究

2021-07-09张齐月路艳华程德红吴建兵陆鑫

丝绸 2021年5期

张齐月 路艳华 程德红 吴建兵 陆鑫

摘要: 针对柞蚕丝纤维手感膨松性差、染色可及度低的问题,文章采用离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐/二甲基亚砜/渗透剂JFC([BMIM]Cl/DMSO/JFC)体系对柞蚕丝进行处理。分别采用称重、SEM、FITR、XRD等方法对纤维回潮率、微观形貌、组成结构进行测试和表征。结果表明:经三元体系处理后,除了丝纤维表面有不规则裂纹之外,各助剂对纤维分子结构、晶体结构均无明显影响。此外,用酸性蓝5GM和中性蓝BNL对纤维分别进行恒温染色。相比于未处理纤维的K/S值(22.56和2.88),經处理后纤维的K/S值显著增加,分别达到38.50和3.42,为柞蚕丝纤维的染色增深提供新的思路和数据支撑。

关键词: 离子液体;柞蚕丝;分纤膨化;染色增深;蚕丝纤维;恒温染色

中图分类号: TS102.33

文献标志码: A

文章编号: 1001-7003(2021)05-0013-07

引用页码: 051103

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7003.2021.05.003(篇序)

Abstract: To address the problems of poor bulking and low dyeing accessibility of tussah silk fiber, tussah silk was processed by ternary mixture solution of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride/dimethyl sulfoxide/penetrant JFC([BMIM]Cl/DMSO/JFC). Then, fiber moisture regain, microscopic morphology, and composition structure were measured and characterized using weighing, SEM, FITR, XRD and other methods. The results showed that apart from irregular cracks on the surface of the silk fiber after the ternary system treatment, the molecular structure and crystal structure of the fiber were not significantly affected by the addictive. In addition, dyeing of fibers at a constant temperature was performed using acid blue 5GM and neutral blue BNL. Compared with the K/S values of untreated fibers(22.56 and 2.88), K/S values of the treated fibers increased significantly, up to 38.50 and 3.42, respectively. This study is expected to provide new ideas and data support for the deepening of the dyeing of tussah silk fiber.

Key words: ionic liquid; tussah silk; fiber bulking; color deepening; silk fiber; constant temperature dyeing

柞蚕丝是由丝胶和丝素组成的蛋白质纤维,脱去丝胶后的柞蚕丝光泽度好、强度较高、质地爽滑,且含有对人体有益的氨基酸,保健作用显著。全国年产柞蚕茧6.5万t以上,占世界柞蚕茧总产量的90%以上,为纺织行业提供了丰富的原料[1]。然而柞蚕所吐的丝手感粗硬、膨松性差、染色可及度低,为弥补这些缺陷,需对柞蚕丝进行膨化分纤处理。同时,膨化分纤后蚕丝纤维的水溶性增强,比表面积增大,空隙率增多,可以有效提升纤维的生物相容性和吸附能力。这有利于拓展蚕丝在医药纤维材料、卫生产品及纳米纤维等领域的应用[2],提升其高附加值和多功能性。

目前,常用的膨化分纤方法包括钙盐化学改性[3-4]和低温等离子体物理改性[5-6]。……

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