胡佳 沈波

摘要 目的：探讨止嗽散对咳嗽变异性哮喘大鼠气道炎性反应及外周血Th1/Th2平衡的影响。方法：48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、地塞米松组（0.2 mg/kg）、止嗽散高（12.6 g/kg）、中（6.3 g/kg）、低（3.1 g/kg）剂量组，每组8只。以卵白蛋白（OVA）致敏激发法制备大鼠咳嗽变异性哮喘模型，检测各组大鼠血液中嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞及淋巴细胞含量，采用酶联免疫吸附剂测定法（ELISA）测定血清和肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中IL-4和IFN-γ水平，同时做肺脏的组织病理学检测。结果：止嗽散高剂量组大鼠血液嗜酸性粒细胞绝对值、淋巴细胞绝对值降低，血清和BALF中IL-4含量降低，IFN-γ含量升高，与模型组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01，P<0.05）;同时能够改善肺脏组织炎性细胞浸润，减轻纤维结缔组织增生。结论：止嗽散可以通过降低血清和BALF中IL-4含量，升高IFN-γ含量，调节Th1/Th2的免疫失衡，改善咳嗽变异性哮喘症状。

关键词 止嗽散;咳嗽变异性哮喘;白细胞介素4;γ-干扰素;气道炎性反应;免疫平衡

Effects of Zhisou Powder on Airway Inflammation and Th1/Th2 Balance

in Peripheral Blood of Rats with Cough Variant Asthma

HU Jia，SHEN Bo

（Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital，Affiliated

with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine，Nanjing 240014，China）

Abstract Objective：To explore the effects of Zhisou Powder on airway inflammation and Th1/Th2 balance in peripheral blood of rats with cough variant asthma.Methods：A total of 48 male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group，a model control group，a dexamethasone group（0.2 mg/kg），a Zhisou Powder high-dose（12.6 g/kg），a medium-dose（6.3g/kg）and low-dose（3.1 g/kg）groups，with 8 rats in each group.Sensitized with ovalbumin（OVA）excitation of cough variant asthma model rats，each rat blood eosinophils and neutrophils and lymphocytes in content was detected.Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay（ELISA）was used to determine serum and alveolar lavage fluid（BALF）of IL-4 and IFN-gamma level.At the same time lung tissue pathology testing was done.Results：The absolute value of eosinophil and lymphocyte in blood of rats，the content of IL-4 and IFN-γ in serum and BALF in Zhisou Powder high-dose group were decreased，and the differences were significant compared with model group（P<0.01，P<0.05）.At the same time，it can improve inflammatory cell infiltration of lung tissue and reduce fibrous connective tissue hyperplasia.Conclusion：Zhisou Powder can reduce the content of IL-4 in serum and BALF，increase the content of IFN-γ，regulate the immune imbalance of Th1/Th2 and improve the symptoms of cough variant asthma.

Keywords Zhisou Powder; Cough variant asthma; IL-4; IFN-γ; Airway inflammation; Immunologic balance

中圖分类号：R285.5文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.02.009

咳嗽变异性哮喘（Cough Variant Asthma，CVA），又称咳嗽性哮喘，是以慢性咳嗽为主要或唯一临床表现的一种特殊类型哮喘。调查显示，我国CVA已占慢性咳嗽病因诊断中的14%～62%，成为慢性咳嗽的主要原因之一[1-2]，长期西药治疗的患者疗效较不显[3]。本研究拟从止嗽散对CVA大鼠气道炎性反应及外周血Th1/Th2平衡的关系着手，以动物模型为载体，探讨止嗽散的科学内涵。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料

1.1.1 动物 SPF级的SD雄性大鼠48只，体质量（200±10）g，购于浙江省实验动物中心，许可证号：SCXK（浙）2014-0001。在给SD大鼠上药前后，分别将其安放在不同的笼内饲养，每只笼内5只，喂食饲料为全价颗粒鼠饲料（南京协同生物工程有限公司提供），让其自由饮水及饮食，室内温度控制在20～25 ℃，人工光照时间达到12 h/d，保持良好的室内通风，所在实验室内的相对湿度维持在：65%～70%。……