吴连爽 徐丹 赵维纳 尹昌浩

[摘要] 脑梗死是造成我国人口致残和死亡的首要原因，而前循环脑梗死是其临床上尤为常见的。横窦是正常人静脉窦变异的最常见类型，而且一直被认为是一种生理变异，但越来越多的研究发现其不仅仅是生理变异，而且损害了脑血流调节导致临床事件，不但与神经系统疾病相关，甚至加重病变程度。近年来对于前循环脑梗死与横窦发育变异的相关性的研究表明横窦变异引起的血流动力学、静脉引流障碍及影像学的发生、发展与前循环脑梗死之间存在一定的相关性，本文就以上方面作一综述，以便为脑梗死患者的急性期治疗及二级预防提供科学依据，具有其重要意义。

[关键词] 脑梗死;前循环;横窦;变异

[中图分类号] R743.3          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）09-0189-04

Research progress on transverse sinus variation and complete/partial anterior circulation cerebral infarction

WU Lianshuang1   XU Dan1， 2   ZHAO Weina1， 2   YIN Changhao1， 2

1.No. 4 Department of Neurology， Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College， Mudanjiang   157000， China;2.Key Laboratory of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke Prevention and Treatment in Heilongjiang Province， Mudanjiang   157000， China

[Abstract] Cerebral infarction is the leading cause of disability and death in Chinese population， and the anterior circulation cerebral infarction is particularly common clinically. Transverse sinus is the most common type of venous sinus variation in common people， and has always been considered a physiological variation. However， more and more studies have found that it is not only a physiological variation， but also impairs the regulation of cerebral blood flow leading to clinical events. It is not only related to neurological diseases， but also aggravates the degree of disease. In recent years， studies on the correlation between anterior circulation cerebral infarction and developmental variation of transverse sinus have shown that the hemodynamic and venous drainage disorders caused by transverse sinus variation and the occurrence and development of imaging manifestations are correlated with anterior circulation cerebral infarction to a certain extent. This article summarizes the above aspects in order to provide scientific basis for acute treatment and secondary prevention of cerebral infarction patients， which is of great significance.

[Key words] Cerebral infarction;Anterior circulation;Transverse sinus;Variation

急性腦梗死是由于大脑动脉闭塞导致特定部位的血液循环丧失引起的，具有较高的发病率和死亡率[1]，以往的卒中登记数据显示，在中国人群中大多是与颈内动脉供血的前循环脑梗死有关[2]，是动脉栓塞中最常见的类型。横窦（Transverse sinus）发育不良或发育不全是静脉窦中最常见的解剖学变异。有研究表明[3]，TS发育不良与同侧TS血栓形成有关，但日益增加的研究显示，横窦发育变异与神经动脉系统疾病有关，但其在动脉栓塞事件中扮演什么样的角色？与前循环脑梗死之间存在什么样的相关性呢？从而可能影响对患者的定性诊断、治疗及其预后。故本文对二者的相关性进行综述，为进一步探讨前循环脑梗死与横窦发育的变异率、血流动力学、静脉引流障碍等影响，旨为临床医生对患者的治疗及二级预防提供帮助，现报道如下。……