袁玉

【摘要】 目的：探究支氣管肺炎患儿肠道菌群失调与细胞免疫的关系。方法：选取2019年1月-

2020年6月的80例支气管肺炎患儿为观察组，另选取同时期的80例体检儿童为对照组。比较两组的肠道菌群（双歧杆菌、大肠杆菌、B/E）及细胞免疫指标（CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+），同时比较观察组中不同严重程度患儿的检测结果，并采用Pearson相关性分析上述肠道菌群指标与细胞免疫指标的关系。结果：观察组的双歧杆菌、B/E、CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+均显著低于对照组，大肠杆菌、CD8+均显著高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组中不同严重程度患儿的肠道菌群指标、细胞免疫指标比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。重度患儿的双歧杆菌、B/E、CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+均显著低于轻度及中度患儿，中度患儿均显著低于轻度患儿，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;重度患儿的大肠杆菌、CD8+均显著高于轻度及中度患儿，中度患儿则显著高于轻度患儿，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Pearson相关性分析显示，上述肠道菌群指标与细胞免疫指标密切相关（P<0.05）。结论：支气管肺炎患儿的肠道菌群失调与细胞免疫失衡情况相对突出，且上述方面之间关系密切，不同严重程度者的差异显著，在支气管肺炎患儿中的检测价值较高。

【关键词】 支气管肺炎 患儿 肠道菌群 细胞免疫

Investigation on the Relationship between Imbalance of Intestinal Flora and Cellular Immunity of Children with Bronchopneumonia/YUAN Yu. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（14）： 0-070

[Abstract] Objective： To investigate the relationship between imbalance of intestinal flora and cellular immunity of children with bronchopneumonia. Method： A total of 80 children with bronchopneumonia from January 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the observation group， and 80 children with physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. The intestinal flora （Bifidobacterium， Escherichia coli， B/E） and cellular immune markers （CD3+， CD4+， CD8+， CD4+/CD8+） were compared between the two groups. At the same time， the test results of children with different severity in the observation group were compared， and Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the above-mentioned intestinal flora indexes and cellular immune indexes. Result： Bifidobacteria， B/E， CD3+， CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group， while Escherichia coli and CD8+ were significantly higher than those in the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Comparison of intestinal flora indexes and cellular immunity indexes of children with different severity in the observation group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The levels of Bifidobacteria， B/E， CD3+， CD4+， CD4+/CD8+ in severe children were significantly lower than those in mild and moderate children， and those in moderate children were significantly lower than those in mild children， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The levels of Escherichia coli and CD8+ in severe children were significantly higher than those in mild and moderate children， while those in moderate children were significantly higher than those in mild children， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the above intestinal flora indexes were closely related to cellular immune indexes （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The intestinal flora imbalance and cellular immune imbalance are relatively prominent in children with bronchiopneumonia， and there is a close relationship between the above aspects， and the difference is significant in different severity courses， therefore， the detection value is high in children with bronchiopneumonia.

[Key words] Bronchopneumonia Children Intestinal flora Cellular immunity

First-authors address： Jiamusi Maternal and Child Health Hospital， Jiamusi 154000， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.14.017

支气管肺炎是小儿常见病，与本类患儿相关的研究中，机体免疫一直是临床研究热点，而细胞免疫作为机体免疫的重点方面之一，其在本类患儿中多呈现异常波动的情况[1-2]，但是其细致的变化研究，包括疾病严重程度对其表达的影响研究不足。另外，肠道菌群是近年来在肺炎患儿中研究较多的方面，其在肺炎患儿中的变化波动也可见[3-5]，但是其与细胞免疫的关系研究未见。因此，本研究就支气管肺炎患儿肠道菌群失调与细胞免疫的关系进行探究，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选取2019年1月-2020年6月的80例支气管肺炎患儿为观察组，另选取同时期80例体检儿童为对照组。纳入标准：男女不限;年龄<14岁者;观察组符合支气管肺炎诊断标准，对照组体检健康者。排除标准：合并创伤者;既往消化系统疾病者;合并感染者;合并代谢性疾病者;合并慢性基础疾病者。研究对象家署对研究知情同意，本研究经医院伦理学委会审批通过。

1.2 方法 采集兩组儿童的大便标本及外周静脉血标本，采用16S rRNA荧光定量PCR法进行肠道菌群的检测，统计双歧杆菌、大肠杆菌及两者的比值（B/E），另将血液标本采用流式细胞仪进行检测，检测及统计指标为CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+。……