张志伟 马翔宇

摘  要：企业车辆配送过程中的碳排放造成了严重污染，为保护生态环境，政府需要对企业进行激励以促进企业低碳配送。文章研究协作配送和传统配送模式的低碳激励机制，分析政府与企业在协作配送和传统配送模式下的利益博弈，构建企业低碳配送激励模型，并對两种补贴机制进行对比分析。研究结果表明，协作配送下政企可以实现双赢。与传统配送相比，协作低碳配送可以获得更多的低碳补贴，低碳努力水平更高且政府收益更大的结论，为政府促进企业低碳配送提出了有实践意义的管理启示。

关键词：政府低碳补贴;委托代理;协作配送;传统配送

中图分类号：F252.14    文献标识码：A

Abstract： Carbon emissions in the process of corporate vehicle distribution have caused serious pollution. In order to protect the ecological environment， the government needs to provide incentives to companies to promote low-carbon distribution. This paper studies the low-carbon incentive mechanism of cooperative distribution and traditional distribution mode， analyzes the interest game between the government and enterprises under cooperative distribution and traditional distribution mode， constructs a low-carbon distribution incentive model for enterprises， and compares and analyzes the two subsidy mechanisms. The research results show that government and enterprises can achieve a win-win situation under collaborative distribution. Compared with traditional distribution， collaborative low-carbon distribution can obtain more low-carbon subsidies， the conclusion that low-carbon efforts are higher and the government's benefits are greater， which provides practical management enlightenment for the government to promote low-carbon distribution of enterprises.

Key words： low carbon government subsidies; principal-agent; collaborative distribution; traditional delivery

0  引  言

随着经济快速发展，环境污染等生态问题日益严重，人们在追求经济效益的同时也越发重视生态和环境效益。生态文明建设作为“十三五”规划发展的目标之一，受到各界的广泛关注。物流行业迅速发展，其能源消耗和尾气排放污染等问题也越来越突出，交通行业是碳排放的主要来源之一。2017年，全国机动车四项污染物排放总量初步核算为4 359.7万吨，而汽车是机动车污染物的主要贡献者，货车排放的NO2和PM远超于客车，其中重型货车是主要贡献者[1]。由这些数据可以看出，载货汽车污染物排放量占污染物排放总量很大一部分，物流企业如何在配送中减排是十分关键的问题。

传统配送模式中，路线规划不合理等问题造成配送车辆尾气大量排放。……