APP下载

脓毒性休克容量反应性评估的进展

2021-07-01娄侠儒吴翔陶飞

中国医学创新 2021年13期

娄侠儒 吴翔 陶飞

【摘要】 脓毒症作为一种高发病率及死亡率的疾病,其并发脓毒性休克已成为危重症患者死亡的主要原因。脓毒性休克治疗的初始环节之一是液体复苏,其目的是通过增加心脏前负荷使心排血量增加,从而增加组织灌注、减轻器官功能障碍。因此,及时选择有效的血流动力学指标评估容量状况及容量反应性非常重要。其中容量反应性是指快速补液后,心排量随之增加的现象,容量反应性是液体复苏的最基本前提,对改善组织灌注,减少补液盲目性,降低脓毒性休克患者死亡率具有非常重要的意义。

【关键词】 脓毒性休克 液体复苏 容量反应性

Advances in Volume Responsiveness Assessment for Septic Shock/LOU Xiaru, WU Xiang, TAO Fei. //Medical Innovation of China, 2021, 18(13): -188

[Abstract] Sepsis is a disease with high morbidity and mortality, and its complicated septic shock has become the main cause of death in critically ill patients. One of the initial steps of septic shock treatment is fluid resuscitation, which aims to increase cardiac output by increasing cardiac preload, thereby increasing tissue perfusion and reducing organ dysfunction. Therefore, it is very important to select effective hemodynamic indexes to evaluate the volume status and volume responsiveness in time. Volume responsiveness refers to the phenomenon that the cardiac output increases after rapid fluid infusion.Volume responsiveness is the most basic premise of fluid resuscitation, which is of great significance for improving tissue perfusion, reducing the blindness of fluid infusion and reducing the mortality of patients with septic shock.

[Key words] Septic shock Fluid resuscitation Volume responsiveness

First-authors address: Foshan Chancheng District Central Hospital, Foshan 528031, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.13.044

脓毒性休克的发病率逐年升高,病情发展极为迅速,已成为全球性疾病的负担,其发病率高达240.4/万人,病死率可达20%~80%,是重症监护病房最为常见的死亡原因[1-2]。脓毒性休克导致急性循环衰竭可引起组织灌注不足,液体复苏的目的是改善患者的组织灌注、增加氧输送,指南建议需反复评估血流动力学状态以指导脓毒症与脓毒性休克患者的液体治疗[3]。所以,需要准确地判断脓毒性休克患者的容量反应性,减少补液盲目性及容量过负荷风险。

容量反应性是指快速补液后出现每搏输出量(stroke volume,SV)或心输出量(cardiac output,CO)的增加,一般是指SV或者CO较补液前增加≥15%提示有容量反应性。容量反应性反映的是患者对前负荷的储备能力,是前负荷与心功能的综合反映。根据Frank-starling曲線定律,当左右心室均处于心功能曲线上升支时,通过容量负荷增加,能够提高CO,改善组织灌注。……

登录APP查看全文