厚皮甜瓜种质蔓枯病抗性评价与遗传多样性分析
2021-06-30朱凌丽徐建姚协丰徐锦华李苹芳柳李旺羊杏平
朱凌丽 徐建 姚协丰 徐锦华 李苹芳 柳李旺 羊杏平



摘要: 采用苗期蔓枯病接种和单核苷酸多态性(SNP)基因型分析对120份厚皮甜瓜高代自交系进行抗性评价与遗传多样性研究。结果显示:光皮类型厚皮甜瓜中高抗、中抗种质资源占比达11.11%,其抗性水平结构优于网纹甜瓜和哈密瓜。统计分析结果显示,21个SNP位点的PIC值为0.050~0.478,其中12个中度多态SNP位点的PIC值平均为0.37,表明甜瓜种质的多态性中等。群体结构与聚类分析结果表明,124份甜瓜种质资源可分成5大类群,各类群具有一定的独立性,且类群间存在明显的差异,遗传多样性丰富。
关键词: 厚皮甜瓜;种质资源;蔓枯病;抗性评价;遗传多样性
中图分类号: S652 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-4440(2021)02-0454-11
Abstract: The gummy stem blight (GSB) resistance evaluation and genetic diversity study of 120 high generation inbred lines of muskmelons were conducted via inoculation at seedling stage and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype analysis. The results showed that, the proportion of germplasm resources of smoothbark muskmelons with high and medium resistance to GSB was up to 11.11%, and the structure of resistance level was better than that of netted melon and Hami melon. The statistical analysis results showed that, the polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 21 SNP loci ranged from 0.050 to 0.478, and the average PIC value of 12 moderate polymorphic SNP loci was 0.37, indicating that the polymorphism of the melon germplasms was moderate. Results of population structure and clustering analysis showed that, the 124 melon germplasms could be classified into five major groups, and each group showed certain independence. Furthermore, there were obvious differences between different groups and the genetic diversity was abundant.
Key words: muskmelon;germplasm resources;gummy stem blight;resistance evaluation;genetic diversity
甜瓜是世界范围内重要的经济作物,在热带、亚热带及温带地区广泛种植,具有极高的食用和经济价值。据联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)统计,2018年全球甜瓜栽培面积约1.05×106 hm2,其中中国甜瓜栽培面积占总量的34.3%,年总产量1.278×107 t,位居世界之首。厚皮甜瓜是食用栽培甜瓜的一种类型,较薄皮甜瓜品质优良,香甜可口,营养丰富,是广受国内外市场欢迎的高档果品。随着哈密瓜东移栽培的成功,厚皮甜瓜逐渐成为中国主要的设施栽培瓜类作物[1]。但是中国东部地区气候湿润,在保护地栽培的甜瓜极易诱发瓜类蔓枯病,严重时常常造成毁灭性减产[2]。
生产中主要通过使用化学药剂防治蔓枯病,不仅成本高、效率低,还会引发病原菌的抗药性与环境污染等问题[3]。防治实践表明,利用抗源选育抗病品种是防治甜瓜蔓枯病最经济有效的措施[4]。……
